Skull Osteoma
Introduction
Introduction to skull osteoma Skull osteoma is a common benign tumor characterized by slow growth, painless, broad-based, and often unclear with the surrounding skull. Can occur in any part of the skull, more common in the frontal and parietal bones, other skulls and skull base are less common. From bone dense osteoma and cancellous osteoma, bone dense osteoma mostly originates from the outer bone plate, and the inner plate remains intact. Under the microscope, it is similar to normal bone, and some osteogenic connective tissue can be seen. . basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:
Cause
Cause of skull osteoma
(1) Causes of the disease
still not clear.
(two) pathogenesis
Skull osteoma is divided into two categories: bone-derived osteoma and bone cancellous osteoma. Bone-derived osteoma mostly originates from the outer bone plate, and the inner plate remains intact. It is similar to normal bone under the microscope. Some can be seen in osteogenic connective tissue, which has new bone tissue. Because of its dense and hard, also known as ivory osteoma, bone cancellous osteoma originates from the barrier, contains more fibrous tissue, and sometimes contains Red bone marrow or fatty bone marrow.
Prevention
Skull osteoma prevention
Ionizing radiation (including radiotherapy) can cause bone tumors, mainly internal radiation, especially osteophilic radionuclides (such as radium) are the main factors inducing bone tumors. Workers exposed to radium have luminescent paint workers, chemists, and patients receiving oral or intravenous infusion of radium medication. The prevention measures for ionizing radiation pollution mainly include the location of the nuclear enterprise site should be selected and tested in the appropriate area. The process and equipment of the factory should be safe, the waste water and waste gas should be purified, and the staff of medical and scientific research workers and related industries should be strengthened. Take protective measures.
Natural and artificial UV rays can cause skin cancer. Reduce excessive exposure to UV rays or wear appropriate coats, protective goggles, and sunscreen when outdoors.
Nuclear radiation from indoor environmental pollution (construction and decoration materials, etc.) is also an important carcinogenic factor. When selecting construction materials, care should be taken to ensure that the room is ventilated and that the exhaust fan can be installed under certain conditions.
The electromagnetic radiation of mobile phones, computers, televisions, and microwave products should use wired telephones as much as possible. When using the computer, the screen should be away from the screen, and the time for watching TV should not be too long.
Complication
Skull osteoma complications Complication
When the osteoma is large, it can cause an increase in intracranial pressure and corresponding neurogenic focal signs.
Symptom
Symptoms of skull osteoma Symptoms Syndrome cysts Visual impairment White matter atrophy Ocular eye mucus cysts grow slowly
Because the tumor grows slowly, the early stage is easy to be neglected, the course of disease is longer, and some can stop growing by itself. Most of the osteoma is located at the top of the skull, which is more common in the plate type, and is a circular or conical bulge protruding from the outer cranial plate. The size varies from a few millimeters to several centimeters in diameter, no adhesion to the scalp, no tenderness, no discomfort, in addition to causing external deformation, generally does not cause special symptoms, the barrier type is mostly expansive growth, a wide range, skull The protrusion is more sleek, and local pain can occur in the corresponding part. The inner plate type multi-directional intracranial growth is rare in clinical practice, but when the bone tumor protrudes into the paranasal sinus, the eyelid and other parts, such as a large osteoma, the corresponding symptoms may be caused. Intranasal sinus osteoma often has a sinus pedicle connected with the sinus wall. The enlargement of the osteoma obstructs the outlet of the paranasal sinus and causes it to become one of the causes of the paranasal sinus mucinous cyst. The sinus osteoma can protrude into the eyelid and cause eye and visual impairment. .
Examine
Examination of skull osteoma
On the X-ray film of the skull, circular or elliptical shape is generally seen, localized high-density shadow, loose bone inside the cancellous osteoma, uneven density, calcification in the trabecular bone, and bone-shaped osteoma It grows on the outer surface of the skull and bulges outward. The internal structure is dense and uniform. The osteoma in the frontal sinus and ethmoid sinus is often lobulated.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of skull osteoma
diagnosis
According to the clinical manifestations and CT scan of the skull or skull, it is not difficult to make a diagnosis of osteoma.
Differential diagnosis
The inner plate type osteoma should be distinguished from the secondary hyperplasia of the skull caused by meningioma. The meningioma mostly involves the whole layer of the skull. The osteoma generally only affects the inner plate. The meningioma can be seen widening the meningeal vascular groove, and the tangential slice can be seen in the skull. Radial hyperplasia, CT examination shows the signs of meningioma at the same time, showing the signs of meningioma, the disease should also be differentiated from bone fiber dysplasia, the latter has a wide range of lesions, more common at the top of the sputum, face changes On the X-ray film and CT, the full thickness of the skull is affected. The boundary is not clear and the density is inconsistent. There may be changes in the flat bone in other parts of the body.
