Splenic cyst
Introduction
Introduction to spleen cyst The spleen cyst is not a true tumor, but a tumor-like cystic lesion of the spleen tissue; it can be divided into a parasitic cyst and a non-parasitic cyst. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: parasitic spleen cysts are more common in young and middle-aged, non-parasitic spleen cysts are more common in adolescents. Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: acute peritonitis
Cause
Cause of spleen cyst
Parasitic cyst
It consists of the hydatid cyst of the genus Echinococcus, which grows into a parasitic cyst through the blood into the spleen. The inner wall of the sac is not lined with epithelium. The sac contains parasitic worms or eggs and necrotic tissue, 2% of spines. There may be spleen hydatid cysts in the ball rickets, often coexisting with the liver and lung hydatidosis, and can be seen in the northern animal husbandry areas of China.
2. Non-parasitic cysts include true and pseudocysts
(1) true cysts: there are epidermoid cysts, dermoid cysts, blood vessels and lymphatic cysts, etc. It differs from pseudocysts in that the inner wall of the capsule is covered with flat, cubic or columnar epithelium, of which epidermoid cysts are more common in young people, often Single-shot, the largest diameter can reach 31cm, the liquid in the capsule is up to 4000ml, the color is thick, it is light red or brown, and there is cholesterol crystal. The pathological morphology can be seen. The inner wall of the capsule is lined with squamous epithelium, and the basement membrane is flat. Epidermal nailing, no skin appendage, and the source of epidermoid cyst is unknown, may be developed into the spleen of the dorsal mesenteric or middle renal tube of the embryonic stage; the pathological findings of the lining of the squamous epithelium And the appendage is a full-layer structure of the skin, which may have nerve tissue and bone tissue, etc., and there may be white blood cells, fat bodies and cholesterol crystals in the capsule.
(2) pseudocyst: more common cysts, accounting for about 80% of non-parasitic cysts, cysts are mostly single-atrial, may have a history of trauma, cysts can be large, no endothelial cells on the wall.
Prevention
Spleen cyst prevention
Do some slow walking, tai chi and other sports to enhance physical fitness and improve autoimmune function, but should avoid strenuous physical exercise; at the same time prevent colds and various infections to prevent secondary infection of spleen cysts. Should pay attention to the addition of protein and lipid-rich foods such as animal offal, fish, meat, eggs and peanuts, walnuts, pine nuts, melon seeds, beans such as soybeans, black beans and so on. At the same time, pay attention to diet should be light, meticulous and rich in nutrition.
Complication
Spleen cyst complications Complications acute peritonitis
Major complications include rupture of the cyst, bleeding and secondary infections. Epidermal cysts can cause acute peritonitis or severe granulomatous inflammation, which may be caused by stimulation of cholesterol and other chemicals contained in the contents of the capsule. Clinical symptoms and signs of peritonitis.
Symptom
Symptoms of splenic cysts Common symptoms Upper abdominal discomfort Abdominal mass tension Indigestion Constipation Bloating
Parasitic spleen cysts are more common in young and middle-aged, non-parasitic spleen cysts are more common in adolescents; small cysts may have no clinical symptoms, often found in physical examination B overtime, but when the cyst enlarges compression and stimulates adjacent organs, Symptoms of organ compression, most common in the left upper abdominal discomfort or pain, sometimes involving the umbilical cord or radiation to the right shoulder and left back; if you press the gastrointestinal tract, you may have bloating or indigestion, constipation and so on.
Examine
Examination of spleen cyst
A test for spleen hydatid cysts showed a significant increase in eosinophils and a positive reaction in the intradermal test of the hydatid cysts (Casoni skin sensitivity test).
B-ultrasound is often the first choice for spleen cysts. It is characterized by a clear cystic space, with an anechoic dark area. CT, MRI, etc., to further understand the morphology, size, number, cystic cavity and wall characteristics of spleen cysts. And the relationship with the surrounding organs and other important values, such as spleen dermoid cysts (teratoma), endothelial cell or mesothelial cysts and other extremely rare spleen cysts can be diagnosed by angiography, if necessary.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of spleen cyst
diagnosis
The diagnosis of spleen cyst often depends on imaging examination. The spleen hydatid cyst mainly occurs in the northern pastoral area of China. According to the medical history and laboratory examination, clinical diagnosis is usually not difficult.
Most of the patients with spleen epidermoid cysts have no clinical symptoms. They are often found by chance of physical examination or other diseases. A few patients have abdominal masses at the time of treatment. They are nervous, may feel painful, slightly elastic, active, and inhaled. Can also be displaced, B-ultrasound, CT or selective splenic angiography can be more accurate to assist diagnosis, but sometimes need to be confirmed by laparotomy.
Differential diagnosis
It needs to be differentiated from mesenteric cyst, neonatal hepatosplenomegaly, and omental tumor.
