Perifollicular keratosis
Introduction
Brief introduction of follicular keratosis Perifollicularkeratosis is an independent disease of keratoderma dermatosis. It is called lichenpilaris because it is mossy. Follicular keratosis is a follicular keratotic skin disease, which may be caused by chromosomal dominant inheritance of the intestine. Generally, it is necessary to treat oral vitamin A. The crokeratosis cutaneous heterochromia (acrokeratotic poikiloderma) is clinically manifested as acral skin. Keratinized, pebbled appearance, can be extended to the back of the hands and feet, with skin heterochromia, especially in the exposed parts, but also blister and mossy keratinization. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0525% Susceptible people: males and young women more common in puberty Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: onychomycosis swelling skin cyst
Cause
Causes of hair follicle keratosis
Genetic factors (78%):
The cause is unknown. There may be a family history. Most people think that the disease is a hereditary skin disease, which may be autosomal recessive. Some people think that it may be related to diabetes and chronic renal insufficiency or related to infectious factors, and it is also considered to be related to abnormal metabolism of vitamin A.
Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is still inaccurate and may be autosomal dominant.
Prevention
Prevention of hair follicle keratosis
Early detection, early diagnosis, and early treatment are important for indirect prevention of this disease, and can also reduce the incidence of infection complications. For patients with existing infections, antibiotics should be used as soon as possible.
Complication
Complications of hair follicle keratosis Complications, onychomycosis, swelling of the skin cyst
Follicular keratosis can be complicated by hairy infection. Because the pores are blocked, sebaceous gland secretions and sweat can not be discharged. Accumulation in the hair follicle can induce bacterial infection. For patients with low constitution, or long-term use of immunosuppressive agents and fungal infections such as onychomycosis, such as concurrent bacterial infections may have fever, skin swelling, ulceration and purulent secretion.
Symptom
Symptoms of hair follicle keratosis common symptoms papule skin itching pores clogged skin dry keratinized follicle angle plug
More common in male and female youth, skin lesions mainly occur in the extension of the upper arm, symmetric distribution, severe cases also occur in the thighs or hips, dry skin, hair follicle keratotic small papules, pimples Gray horny embolism on the top, sometimes the mane is worn or twisted in the center, peeling off the horny plug, showing a tiny cup-shaped depression, densely integrated, the touch is rough like a sickle, showing normal skin tone or reddish color, winter condition Slightly heavy, the condition is relieved in summer, and it is often accompanied by pruritus in winter.
Examine
Examination of follicular keratosis
Histopathology showed hyperkeratosis of the epidermis, expansion of the hair follicle, and embedding of horny plugs.
The pathological changes of this disease are not limited to hair follicles, and hairless parts such as palmar and oral mucosa are also affected, so this disease is not just a disease of hair follicles. The tissue of the oral mucosa is similar to the lesion, and there are also dimples and keratinization, but generally no typical round body formation. The round body is found in the granule or the horn layer, and its center is a condensed nucleus or keratinized substance (large and round, showing a uniform basophilicity), surrounded by a translucent halo, and a basophilic keratosis can be seen around the halo. The substance is like a shell.
The grain is found in the horns and lacunae. The cytoplasm is rare, the shape is not clear, and the nucleus is condensed and stretched and often dyed basophilic. The lacuna is a small fissure-like epidermal blister that is usually located above the basal layer, where the spurative cells are partially keratinized prematurely.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of hair follicle keratosis
According to clinical manifestations, histopathology is easy to diagnose.
1. Vitamin A deficiency: the keratotic papules of the extremities are like molting or chicken skin, and the rash is slightly larger. At the same time with night blindness, dry eyes, corneal softening and so on.
2. Small spine moss: Follicular papules, with a filamentous small spine at the top, and a small recessed pit visible in the small spine. The papules do not merge with each other and gather in pieces. Generally no need to treat oral vitamin A. The clinical manifestation of acrokeratotic poikiloderma is a keratinization of the extremities, which has a round stone appearance and can be extended to the back of the hands and feet. With ocular heterochromia, especially in the exposed area, there may be blister and mossy keratinization.
