acne
Introduction
Introduction to acne Hemorrhoids, commonly known as acne, acne, acne, traditional Chinese medicine called facial sores, wine thorns. It is a common disease in dermatology and is frequently afflicted. According to the statistics of scholars, 95% of men in adolescence and 85% of women have different degrees of acne, so it is very appropriate for everyone to call it "acne". Acne (acne) is a chronic skin disease that occurs in the sebaceous glands of hair follicles. It is often found in the parts of the head, face, neck, chest and back. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.4% Susceptible people: good for young people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: scars
Cause
Causes of acne
Immunization (35%):
In recent years, some people think that this disease is related to immunity. In the humoral immunity of patients, serum IgG levels increase and increase with the severity of the disease. Corynebacterium acne produces antibodies in patients, and circulating antibodies reach local involvement in the pathogenesis of early inflammation. .
Trace elements (25%):
Regarding the relationship between trace elements and acne, it has recently been proved that zinc deficiency in patients with acne may affect the utilization of vitamin A, promote the keratinization of hair follicle sebaceous glands, and low copper will weaken the body's resistance to bacterial infection. In short, trace element zinc in patients with acne , copper, iron low, manganese can increase body fat metabolism, sex hormone secretion is affected, coupled with low skin resistance, may have a certain relationship with the incidence of acne.
Genetic (25%):
In addition, heredity is also an important factor in the occurrence of this disease. In addition to the above factors, eating animal fats and carbohydrates, gastrointestinal disorders such as indigestion or constipation, mental stress, hot and humid climate and other factors can have adverse effects on patients with acne. Mineral oil exposure or iodide, bromide and some other drugs may also exacerbate the deterioration of acne.
There are many pathogenic factors in acne, and its pathogenesis is still not very clear. Endocrine factors, the role of sebum, microbes in hair follicles are the main factors in the pathogenesis of acne.
Hemorrhoids are closely related to sexual endocrine.
Prevention
Acne prevention
Preventive health care
(1) pay attention to facial cleansing: wash your face with warm water, because cold water is not easy to remove oil, hot water promotes sebum secretion, no irritating soap, sulphur soap has certain benefits for acne, do not use cream and other oil cosmetics.
(2) Reasonable diet: Eat more vegetables and fruits, eat less irritating foods such as fat, sugar and spicy, and keep the stool smooth.
(3) Do not squeeze the acne by hand to avoid causing purulent inflammation. After the abscess is absorbed, it forms scars and pigmentation, which affects the appearance. Antibiotics are effective in treating infections.
(4) Treatment: Retinoic acid, vitamins, and vitamin A can improve the keratinization process, which will help reduce and eliminate acne. It has been reported that benzoyl peroxide has obvious curative effect on acne. It is applied to the surface of the human body and can slowly release oxygen, which has obvious bactericidal effect. Take 0.5 to 1% zinc sulfate solution, 3 times a day, 30 ml each time. General medication for 4 to 8 weeks, a small amount of vitamin B6 cold cream during the medication, also has a good effect. Female acne patients with abnormal menstruation at the same time, can take a small dose of diethylstilbestrol, oral 0.25 mg daily, artificial cycle, can make hemorrhoids improve, menstruation also returns to normal. At the same time, the Chinese medicine hemorrhoids combination formula, combined with drugs for physical therapy, to promote blood circulation, adjust blood, improve skin blood circulation, and achieve healing results.
(5) Combination of work and rest, to maintain a happy spirit, is very beneficial to the treatment of hemorrhoids. Do not burden the hemorrhoids, so as not to cause neuroendocrine disorders, so that hemorrhoids worse. If you feel that the acne on your face is not in the way, you don't have to take the medicine, you can wait for it to naturally fade away, because the acne will not leave any trace after it has subsided.
(6) Eat kelp anti-decubitus. According to medical researchers, among the young people who eat more kelp, there are few people suffering from acne. The reason is related to the high zinc content in kelp. Zinc is an essential trace element in the human body. It not only enhances the body's immune function, but also participates in the normal metabolism of the skin, allowing the epithelial cells to differentiate normally, reducing the keratinization of the hair follicle sebaceous gland, and facilitating the discharge of sebaceous gland secretions.
Complication
Acne complications Complications scar
After the acne subsides, there may be temporary pigmentation spots or small pits and scars.
Symptom
Acne symptoms Common symptoms Pustule type acne pustular acne skin greasy inflammation forehead long acne malignant acne atrophic acne chin long acne double eyebrows acne bleeding pimples
Blackhead acne composed of cells with sebum keratosis and parakeratosis is congested in the enlarged hair follicle, and there is an inflammatory change around the hair follicle. In the lesion of suppuration, there is an abscess in the affected part, and there are many lymphocytes and multinucleated white blood cells around. Staphylococcus can sometimes be found. If the damage has been long, you can also see plasma cells, foreign body giant cells and proliferating fibroblasts. In larger lesions, the sebaceous glands are partially or completely destroyed, sometimes becoming large cysts. .
[clinical manifestations]
Skin lesions mainly occur on the face, but also on the upper part of the chest and shoulders, and occasionally in other parts. The skin around the circumference is never involved. At the beginning, the patient almost has blackheads and oily sebum, and often has papules. Nodules, pustules, abscesses, sinus or scars, the magnitude of various lesions varies from depth to body, often with one or two lesions, long duration, and no symptoms. If inflammation is obvious, it can cause pain and Touching pain, the symptoms are light and heavy, most patients can naturally heal or relieve symptoms after puberty. Clinically, the main manifestations of skin lesions can be divided into the following types:
1. Point-like acne blackhead acne is the main damage of acne. It is a cheese-like semi-solid embedded in the hair follicle of the hair follicle. It is black at the outer end of the hair follicle. If it is squeezed, the head is black and the body is visible. Yellow-white translucent lipid plugs are discharged.
2. The papular acne lesions are mainly inflammatory small papules. The hard small papules from millet to pea are light red to deep red. The center of the papules may have a blackhead acne or a sebaceous plug with no blackening at the top.
3. Pustular acne is mainly characterized by abscess, pustule is the size of grain to mung bean, pustule is formed at the tip of follicular pustule and papule, pus is thicker after breaking, and shallow scar is left behind.
4. Nodular acne When the inflamed area is deep, pustular acne can develop into thick nodules of varying thickness, showing a reddish or purplish red color, some of which are deeper, with a prominent bulge and a hemisphere. Or conical, they can exist for a long time or gradually absorb, and some purulent ulcers form a significant scar.
5. Atrophic acne papules or pustular lesions destroy glands, causing pit-like atrophic scars, ulcerated pustules or naturally absorbed papules and pustules can cause fibrosis and atrophy.
6. Cystic acne forms sebaceous gland cysts of varying sizes, often secondary to purulent infection, often with bloody jelly-like pus after rupture, and the inflammation is often not heavy, and later forms the sinus and sputum.
7. Polymeric acne is the most serious type of damage, the skin lesions are polymorphous, there are many acne, papules, pustules, abscesses, cysts and sinuses, scars, keloid clusters.
8. The pathological acne damage is cyan or magenta papules of millet to broad bean size, pustules or nodules, soft and soft, and contains pus and blood. They will not heal for a long time, and will leave tiny scars after healing. Pain, infiltration is also rare, this type is more common in patients with weak body.
Examine
Hemorrhoids examination
Check the shape, distribution, presence or absence of papules, pustules, blackheads, nodules, cysts, scars, etc.
Diagnosis
Hemorrhoid diagnosis
According to the majority of patients, young people, such as the face and upper chest and back, blackheads can be diagnosed, but should be identified with the following diseases:
1. Bromine, iodine-induced acne-like drug eruption has a history of medication, no typical blackheads, rash is systemic, and there is no age limit.
2. Occupational acne and coke oil, machine oil, petroleum, paraffin, chloronaphthalene and other compounds in contact with the staff can cause acne-like rash, usually related to occupations, while the workers often work the same damage, damage is often very Density, often occurs in contact areas, such as the back of the hand, forearms, elbows, etc.
3. The rosacea is more common in middle-aged people. The rash only occurs on the face. It is more common in the central part, often accompanied by hair cell vasodilation.
4. Facial disseminated miliary lupus lesions are mostly dark red or brownish yellow papules and small nodules. The lesions in the lower edge of the eyelids are arranged in a dike shape. The color of the apple paste changes when the slide is pressed, and the damage is inconsistent with the hair follicle.
