Acute pseudomembranous candidal stomatitis
Introduction
Brief introduction of acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis Acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis is an oral mucosal infectious disease caused by Candida infection, which can occur in people of any age, but is most common in newborns, also known as neonatal thrush or snow mouth disease. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.012% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: oral ulcers
Cause
Cause of acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis
Candida infection, mainly white Candida, is more common in long-term use of hormones, HIV-infected, immunodeficiency, infants and debilitated.
Prevention
Acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis prevention
1. Pay attention to oral hygiene.
2. Strengthen nutrition and enhance physical fitness.
3. Prevent the abuse of antibiotics.
Complication
Acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis complications Complications, oral ulcers
A silver-gray pseudomembrane appears on the mucosa of the hyperemic edema with varying degrees of systemic symptoms. The smear or bacterial culture examination revealed a diagnosis of pneumococci, oral mucosal congestion, and localized formation of clear erosion or ulceration. The surface of the ulcer or erosion is covered with a layer of pseudo-film, which is yellow or grayish yellow with clear boundaries. The fake membrane is not easy to be wiped off. If it is wiped off with force, the bleeding wound can be seen below.
Symptom
Acute pseudomembranous candidiasis symptoms common symptoms irritability, dry mouth, oral pain, oral mucosal ulcer
1. Newborn thrush, which occurs in the cheeks, tongue, soft palate and lips. The mucosa is congested in the lesion area. White patchy pseudomembrane is visible. The adhesion is not tight. It can be wiped off with a little force. The child is restless, crying and breastfeeding. Difficulties, systemic reactions are generally mild and easy to cure.
2. Adult pseudomembranous candidiasis occurs, and there are many susceptible factors, especially HIV patients, which are easy to relapse. The lesions are milky white velvet pseudomembranes in any part of the oral mucosa. The symptoms are dry mouth and burning discomfort. , mild pain.
Examine
Examination of acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis
1. Ask about the course of the disease and the general condition. Adults should ask whether they have long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics or immunosuppressive agents, and whether there are chronic wasting diseases.
2, check the lesions, color, surrounding mucosa, whether the mask is easy to tear off, the bottom of the situation.
3. Pay attention to the presence or absence of hoarseness or difficulty swallowing.
4. If necessary, scraping the specimen for microscopic examination or culturing Candida albicans can confirm the diagnosis.
Histopathological changes, oral mucosal congestion and edema, epithelial destruction have a large number of fibrinous exudation, necrotic epithelial cells, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and a variety of bacteria and fibrin form a pseudomembrane, the lamina propria has a large number of lymphocytic infiltration.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of acute pseudomembranous candida stomatitis
diagnosis:
To confirm the diagnosis, in addition to relying on medical history and clinical manifestations, laboratory tests are needed to confirm the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the damaged tissue. Candida detection methods include smear, isolation culture, histopathology, immunology, and genetic diagnosis.
Differential diagnosis:
1. Coccidial stomatitis: also known as membranous stomatitis, mucosal congestion and edema, visible gray-yellow pseudomembrane, smooth and dense surface, easy to wipe, regional lymph nodes, may be accompanied by systemic reactions, can be painted Tablet or bacterial culture for identification.
2. Oral leukoplakia: plaque-type oral leukoplakia, manifested as white lesions on the oral mucosa, clear borders, slightly higher than the mucosal surface, can not be wiped out, patients with asymptomatic or rough, chronic disease.
