dry mouth syndrome
Introduction
Introduction to oral dryness syndrome Oral dryness syndrome is characterized by dry mouth as the main symptom, and a chronic disease with systemic symptoms is called oral dryness syndrome. The disease is more common in middle-aged and older women, and the cause is complicated, which is related to many factors. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.012% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: caries, oral ulcers
Cause
Causes of oral dryness syndrome
Chronic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and diabetes, which are considered to be systemic symptoms, may be associated with the onset of oral dryness syndrome and the persistence of the condition.
Endocrine factors: Estrogen levels in patients with Sjogren's syndrome are elevated, and most patients with Sjogren's syndrome are women, presumably associated with elevated estrogen. The disease can be found in the mouth, eyes, etc., and then the muscles and joints of the extremities After the internal organs are dirty; muscle and joint symptoms and visceral damage can also occur first, followed by dry eyes and signs.
Prevention
Prevention of oral dryness syndrome
Prevent oral dryness by diet:
1, almond wheat winter drink: 6 grams of almonds, 10 grams of Maimen winter. Beat the almonds to the tip, the skin is broken, and the Maimendong is washed, put it in the pot together, add some water, boil the pot on the fire, boil for 15 minutes on low heat, filter the slag and dry it, On behalf of tea. For patients with lung deficiency.
2, porridge: 30 grams of scorpion, 100 grams of glutinous rice. Wash the scorpion and glutinous rice clean, put it in the pot, add some water, put the pot on the fire and boil it, use a small fire to boil the porridge, Serve, or you can take 2 times in the day. . For patients with liver and kidney yin deficiency.
3, 10 grams of sand ginseng, 20 grams of wheat winter, 3 grams of licorice, boiled water for tea.
4, 20 grams of medlar, boiled water for tea.
Complication
Complications of oral dry syndrome Complications Dental caries ulcer
1, oral dryness syndrome is easy to cause spastic caries, about 50 patients with multiple difficult to control the development of dental caries, the performance of the teeth gradually blackened, and then the small pieces fall off, and finally only the residual roots.
2, adult mumps, about 50 patients with intermittent alternating parotid swelling and pain, involving unilateral or bilateral. Most of them can resolve on their own in about 10 days, but sometimes they continue to enlarge. A few have enlarged submandibular glands and less sublingual glands.
3, the tongue is characterized by tongue pain, the tongue is dry and cracked, and the tongue nipple is atrophied and smooth. 4, ulcers or secondary infections in the oral mucosa.
Symptom
Symptoms of Oral Sjogren's Syndrome Common Symptoms Dry mouth and mucous membrane ulcers Tongue pain Parotid gland enlargement
1, the main performance of oral dryness, bitter mouth, inflexible movement of the tongue, difficulty swallowing, dry lips, scaly, easy to split the mouth, often severe progressive caries. It can also be accompanied by symptoms of dry skin, dry eyes, dry throat, and dry nose. Half of the patients had dry skin, scaly and itchy sensation, and mossy due to scratching; dry eyes without tears, conjunctival hyperemia, corneal dryness; upper respiratory tract mucosa atrophy, dry nasal mucosa.
2. More than half of the patients have systemic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and anemia.
3, the change of salivary gland is a characteristic change, which is characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes, mixed with plasma cells, connective tissue hyperplasia, and fibrosis.
4, laboratory tests: most rheumatoid factors are positive.
Examine
Examination of oral dryness syndrome
Laboratory tests include blood routines, biochemical tests, immunological tests, and salivary gland testing.
1. Immunological examination: 50% to 60% of patients are positive for anti-SSA antibody and/or anti-SSB antibody, more than half of the patients are positive for rheumatoid factor, and about 33% are positive for anti-thyroid and anti-smooth muscle antibodies, all anti-thyroid Antibody-positive patients have anti-stomach cell antibody positive. About half of the patients have anti-saliva gland antibody, about 10% of patients have lupus cell positive, and in recent years, they have found a precipitate of soluble nucleic acid antigen in lymphoid cell exudate. Antibodies, tuberculin and dinitrochlorobenzene skin tests, lymphocyte transformation tests, all suggest that cellular immune function is low.
2. Salivary gland detection: Determination of salivary secretion (sucrose test with sucrose compressed into tablets, each tablet 800mg, placed in the center of the tongue, record the time required for complete dissolution, <30 normal; saliva flow rate measurement: connected by hollow catheter The small suction cup is adsorbed to the unilateral parotid duct opening with negative pressure, and the saliva secretion is collected, normal >0.5ml/min), parotid angiography, 40% lipiodol angiography, gland morphology, damage and atrophy, The contrast agent stayed in the parotid gland, the parotid duct was narrowed or dilated, and the parotid gland was scanned with 131 iodine or 99 m. The radioactivity distribution was observed, and whether the excretion and concentration were delayed or decreased to understand the secretory function, from the lips or nose. Mucosal biopsy to observe gland pathological changes, the above two positives are consistent with xerostomia.
3. Laboratory examination: Most rheumatoid factors are positive.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of oral dryness syndrome
1. Daily dry mouth lasts for more than 3 months;
2. The adenocarcinoma repeats or continues to enlarge after adulthood;
3. Use water to help when swallowing dry food.
