intestinal tumor
Introduction
Introduction to intestinal tumors Patients often show anemia, weight loss, increased stool frequency, deformation, and mucus bloody stools. Abdominal masses and intestinal obstruction sometimes occur. The predilection site is mainly rectum, the sigmoid colon is secondary, and other parts are less. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anemia
Cause
Intestinal tumor etiology
1. The diet structure is unreasonable:
The etiology of intestinal tumors is related to the unreasonable diet structure. Eating too much fat, high calorie and low fiber foods also hinders the peristalsis of the stomach, promotes the accumulation and absorption of toxins, and causes high incidence of intestinal tumors. .
2, chronic colon inflammation:
After statistical investigation, it is found that the risk of developing this disease in chronic ulcerative colitis is about ten times higher than that of normal people. The risk of hemorrhagic ulcerative colorectal inflammation is greater, and 50% of the patients have a disease duration of more than ten years. For cancer.
3. Environmental factors:
Changes in the environment are also likely to cause the appearance of intestinal tumors. With the increasing modernization of life, increasingly industrialization, interior decoration, exhaust gas pollution, pesticide abuse and other factors have led to the reduction of our immunity, which is also the cause of common intestinal tumors. .
4. Genetics:
Genetics is also the main cause of intestinal tumors. 25% of bowel cancers occur in families with a history of bowel cancer. The majority of members of some families are prone to polyps, and if left unchecked, the incidence of bowel cancer is also 25%. Elderly people over the age of 50 should take various measures to prevent intestinal cancer. Because 50% of the elderly over the age of 60 will have large intestine polyps. And we don't know which polyps of different sizes will develop into bowel cancer.
Prevention
Intestinal tumor prevention
If a middle-aged person is full of long-term dinner, it will repeatedly stimulate the secretion of insulin, which will cause the burden of insulin cells to increase, and then lead to diabetes. At the same time, when dinner is too full, some proteins will not be digested and absorbed. Under the action of intestinal bacteria, toxic substances will be produced. In addition, the intestinal peristalsis will slow down during sleep, which will prolong the residence time of these substances in the intestine and may promote the large intestine. The occurrence of cancer.
Complication
Intestinal tumor complications Complications anemia
Some patients may have long-term blood in the stool or anemia. Late stage of colon cancer often invades surrounding tissues and organs, such as adjacent tissues such as the bladder and prostate, causing frequent urination, urgency, and difficulty urinating. Invading the anterior tibial nerve plexus, appendix and lumbar pain. Rectal cancer can also be transferred to the liver from afar, causing hepatomegaly, ascites, jaundice, and even dyscrasia. In addition, in the complications of colorectal cancer surgery, there are ureteral injury, stoma necrosis and abdominal hernia.
Symptom
Intestinal tumor symptoms Common symptoms The blood in the stool is urgent and the constipation is not enough.
First, intestinal polyps: clinical symptoms are often not obvious, even if some gastrointestinal symptoms, such as bloating, diarrhea, constipation, etc., are also neglected because of mild and atypical. Generally, blood, stool, blood, mucus and blood come to the clinic, often misdiagnosed as an anal disease or dysentery such as hemorrhoids and delay the necessary examination.
Second, intestinal cancer:
1, the early stage of intestinal cancer for blood-based, followed by changes in bowel habits, defecation is not exhaustive, after the urgency and so on, in addition, it is also very easy to cause obstruction, resulting in intestinal irritation. Intestinal cancer has many outstanding clinical manifestations, and patients need to be more careful. The initial manifestation of intestinal cancer is mainly painless and blood in the stool. The blood is red or bright red. It is very similar to the symptoms of early internal hemorrhoids. Later, the blood in the stool is mostly dark red, mixed with fecal mucus or pus and blood.
2, followed by bowel habits change is a typical performance in the middle and late stage of intestinal cancer, due to rectal mass and its secretions, can produce intestinal irritation symptoms, resulting in patients with frequent intentions, defecation, urgency, and other symptoms, but the discharge Most of them are mucus pus and blood, and the shape of the stool has also changed, and the stool is getting thinner.
3, because the cancer around the circumference of the intestinal wall infiltration, so that the intestinal stenosis, especially at the junction of the rectosigmoid colon, mostly stenotic hard cancer, easily lead to obstruction. In patients with advanced rectal cancer, due to long-term chronic consumption of the disease, some systemic malignant diseases will occur. In addition, anemia of unknown origin occurs. Unexplained weight loss, fatigue, loss of appetite, patients must pay attention to timely timely inspection and treatment in professional hospitals.
4, bowel cancer to the late stage often invade surrounding tissues and organs, such as the bladder and prostate and other adjacent tissues, causing frequent urination, urgency and dysuria. Invading the anterior tibial nerve plexus, appendix and lumbar pain. Rectal cancer can also be transferred to the liver from afar, causing hepatomegaly, ascites, jaundice, and even dyscrasia.
Examine
Intestinal tumor examination
High incidence of intestinal tumors:
1. Age of onset, most patients develop after 50 years of age.
2, family history: If a person's first-degree relatives, such as parents, have had colorectal cancer, he is eight times more likely to suffer from this disease than the general population. About a quarter of newly diagnosed people have a family history of colorectal tumors.
3. History of colonic disease: Certain colonic diseases such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis may increase the chance of developing colorectal tumors. Their colon cancer is 30 times more dangerous than ordinary people.
4. Polyps: Most colorectal tumors develop from small precancerous lesions, which are called polyps. Among them, villus-like adenomatous polyps are more likely to develop into cancer, and the chance of cacao becomes about 25%; the malignant rate of tubular adenomatous polyps is 1-5%.
5, genetic characteristics: some familial tumor syndrome, such as hereditary non-polyposis colon tumor, can significantly increase the incidence of colorectal cancer. And the onset time is younger.
Histological examination:
Intestinal polyps
1. Non-neoplastic polyposis polyps and inflammatory polyps unrelated to cancer.
2, polyps closely related to cancer; 1 papillary adenoma; 2 familial multiple polypoma, is a dominant genetic disease, familial multiple polyposis has a high rate of morbidity; 3 important; polyp.
Among them, adenomatous polyps have the lowest cancer rate.
Intestinal cancer
Gross type and histological type of colorectal cancer
The naked eye view is divided into four types: 1 uplift type; 2 ulcer type; 3 infiltrating type; 4 gel type, this type is more common in young people, and the prognosis is poor.
Microscopically, there are: 1 papillary adenocarcinoma: cancer cells are arranged in a columnar epithelium into a fine papillary shape, and there are few interstitial in the nipple; 2 tubular adenocarcinoma: cancer cells are arranged in a glandular tube; 3 mucinous adenocarcinoma: there are usually two Types of. One manifests as a large mucus lake formed by floating small piles of cancer cells; the other is characterized by a cystic glandular structure filled with mucus; 4 signet ring cell carcinoma: the tumor consists of diffusely formed sign ring cells, not formed Glandular tubular structure; 5 undifferentiated carcinoma, cancer cells are often small, the morphology is more consistent, the cells are diffuse into pieces or not, no adenoid structure; 6 adenosquamous carcinoma; 7 squamous cell carcinoma, mostly in the vicinity of the rectum The coated squamous epithelium is a small number.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of intestinal tumor
It can be diagnosed based on clinical history and laboratory tests.
