testicular teratoma
Introduction
Introduction to testicular teratoma Testicular germ cell tumor composed of one or several different germ layers (inner, middle, and ectoderm) tissues. In 2004, WHO WHO "Pathology and Genetics of Urinary System and Male Reproductive Organ Tumors" divided testicular teratoma into teratoma, dermoid cyst, single germ layer teratoma and teratogenic malignant components. Fetal tumor. Prepubertal testicular teratoma is a benign lesion, and 22% to 37% of post-pubertal testicular teratoma metastasis. A dermoid cyst is a special type of benign single-embryonic teratoma, which is characterized by a hair- and keratin-rich cyst with a skin appendage. Testicular teratoma is mostly composed of two or more germ layers, including mucous glands of endoderm, cartilage, bone, muscle and lymphoid tissues of mesoderm, and squamous epithelium and nerve tissue of ectoderm. It is also known as mature teratoma, immature teratoma, teratoma differentiation (mature), and teratoma undifferentiated (immature). Testicular teratoma accounts for about 2% to 9% of testicular tumors and is the most common benign tumor in children, accounting for about 50% of children with benign testicular tumors. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible population: male, two high-incidence age groups: 1 to 2 years old, 25 to 35 years old Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: varicocele
Cause
Causes of testicular teratoma
The etiology of testicular teratoma is unclear and may be related to factors such as abnormal differentiation of germ cells during embryonic period.
Prevention
Testicular teratoma prevention
1. Pay attention to rest, work and rest, and orderly life.
2, the diet should be reasonable: a reasonable mix of diet, eat less pigs, cattle, sheep and other high-cholesterol meat, prevent high cholesterol food intake. Patients can eat more chickens, fish and other low cholesterol containing meat can effectively prevent the emergence of disease.
3, the mood should be pleasant: the emergence of disease also has a great relationship with bad mental factors, men should stay in the mood to stay comfortable, do not overwork, appropriate participation in physical activity, improve body immunity, prevent colds, avoid urinating Wait.
4, rest should be appropriate: pay attention to work and rest, do not be too tired, keep the stool smooth.
Complication
Testicular teratoma complications Complications varicocele
1, induced serious diseases: varicocele, static sputum inflammation, prostatitis, endocrine diseases, nephritis and other kidney diseases, urinary infections, malignant tumors.
2, leading to male sexual function decline, or even completely lose sexual function.
3, leading to death, no sperm, loss of fertility, and transmission of inflammatory pathogens to the spouse, causing gynecological diseases.
4, testicular disease for a long time to cure the loss of kidney loss, vital energy loss, limbs cold, back pain, early aging.
Symptom
Testicular teratoma symptoms Common symptoms One side of the scrotum gradually... Testicular tenderness
The age of testicular teratoma can be divided into two age groups: children and adults. The age of children with testicular teratoma is 1 to 2 years old, and the age of adult testicular teratoma is 25 to 35 years old. The vast majority of patients present with a testicular painless mass with a hard mass, nodular or irregular mass.
Examine
Testicular teratoma examination
Ultrasonography is the preferred method of clinically assisted diagnosis of testicular lesions. B-ultrasound has important clinical value for judging the nature, size and location of testicular tumors, the proportion of tumors occupying testicular tissues and even the choice of treatment methods. B-ultrasound of testicular teratoma is characterized by clear boundary of the mass, solid capsule, cartilage in the mass, immature bone tissue or calcification. Serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels in adults with testicular teratoma are associated with benign and malignant. The AFP level in children with testicular teratoma is in the normal range of the corresponding age group, but the blood AFP level in normal infants is different within 6 months. Therefore, there is no clear clinical suggestion for the level of AFP in infants within 6 months. significance.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of testicular teratoma
It can be diagnosed based on clinical manifestations and laboratory findings.
