Throat Cancer
Introduction
Introduction to throat cancer Throat cancer is a general term for nasopharyngeal carcinoma, oropharyngeal cancer, and laryngeal cancer. It is a malignant tumor that occurs in rhinitis, oropharynx, and throat. The throat is also called hypopharynx, and the hypopharyngeal carcinoma is mostly in the pear-shaped fossa, followed by the hypopharyngeal posterior wall. Treatment methods include radiotherapy alone, surgery alone, surgery plus radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and biological immunotherapy. At present, the implementation of biological immunotherapy represented by "specific anti-tumor immunotherapy" has effectively controlled and alleviated the condition of a large number of patients with throat cancer. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: pharyngeal mixed tumors, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Cause
Cause of throat cancer
1. Nicotine in chemical carcinogens; alcohol can act as a solvent for carcinogens, causing carcinogens to enter the tongue mucosa.
2, physical carcinogenic factors are not suitable for the trays, dentures, caries, defective gums, etc.; poor oral hygiene habits, long-term mechanical damage, often stuck fish bones, bones and so on.
3, biological carcinogenic factors human papillomavirus, genetic, individual susceptibility, nutritional and metabolic disorders, ethnicity and radiation.
Prevention
Throat cancer prevention
1. Enhance physical fitness and prevent colds.
2. Timely and reasonable treatment of acute rhinitis and respiratory diseases.
3, no smoking, do not eat spicy food, keep the mouth clean.
Complication
Throat cancer complications Complications, pharyngeal mixed tumor, nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Nasopharyngeal cancer, oropharyngeal cancer, laryngeal cancer.
Symptom
Throat cancer symptoms Common symptoms Sore throat Dry throat and burning sensation Throat congestion
1. Sound hoarseness - Laryngeal cancer most often occurs when the true vocal cords affect the pronunciation, and hoarseness occurs when the throat is invaded at the end of the hypopharyngeal cancer.
2, throat abnormalities - especially hypopharyngeal cancer often have a unilateral abnormality of the throat.
3, pain - swallowing pain for a long time.
4, blood stasis - throat cancer surface ulcer bleeding when bloody.
5, difficulty swallowing - hypopharyngeal tumors continue to grow and hinder the passage of food.
6. Difficulty breathing - the throat is blocked when the tumor is too large.
7. Cervical lymphadenopathy - occurs when lymphatic metastasis occurs.
8, other - such as Mo Ming's weight loss, loss of appetite.
Examine
Throat cancer examination
Examination of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal mucosa diffuse hyperemia, swelling, sacral arch and uvula edema, lymphatic follicles and pharyngeal sinus in the posterior pharyngeal wall; yellow-white spotted exudate on the surface, mandibular lymph nodes and tenderness The body temperature can be raised to 38 ° C, depending on the pathogen, white blood cells can be increased, normal or reduced.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of throat cancer
Laryngeal cancer
1, hoarseness: for the early symptoms of vocal cord cancer, advanced symptoms of supraglottic cancer. Late stages can be completely aphasia.
2, difficulty breathing and throat: for advanced symptoms of laryngeal cancer.
3, sore throat.
4, difficulty swallowing.
5, cough and hemoptysis.
6, cervical lymph node metastasis can occur in the neck mass.
Symptoms of throat
1. Long-term pharyngeal foreign body sensation, conscious dry mouth, dry throat, burning, itching, discomfort, slight swelling, pain, or pain, coughing and viscous, when there is a "sputum", "ka" endless clearing action, morning force cough When you rub or brush your teeth, you have nausea, nausea, etc.
2, severe cases can have general fatigue, headache, dizziness, insomnia, upset, dry stools and so on.
