overactive bladder
Introduction
Introduction to overactive bladder Overactive bladder (OAB) is a syndrome characterized by urgency symptoms, often accompanied by frequent urination and nocturia symptoms, with or without urge incontinence, which significantly affects patients' daily life and social activities. Become a major disease that plagues people. In recent years, with the entry of China into an aging society, as well as the growth of diabetes and neurological damaging diseases, the incidence of bladder-related overactive diseases, which is secondary to this, has increased year by year. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bladder hot and humid cystitis
Cause
Causes of overactive bladder
The cause of OAB is not yet clear, and it is currently considered to have the following four types:
1, detrusor instability: caused by non-neurogenic factors, abnormal contraction of the detrusor during storage of the urine caused the corresponding clinical symptoms.
2, bladder hypersensitivity: urination when there is a small bladder capacity.
3, urinary tract and pelvic floor muscle dysfunction.
4, other reasons: such as abnormal mental behavior, hormone metabolism disorders.
Prevention
Overactive bladder prevention
1. Keep your own cleanliness on weekdays.
2, if you can urinate as much as possible before and after sex life, do not have urine.
3, try to drink cranberry juice, because it has the effect of reducing bacteria adhesion to the urinary tract.
4, you can also drink plenty of water to effectively avoid the possibility of bacterial invasion.
5, during the usual activities because of the urinary habits once every 2-3 hours, in addition to pay attention to the addition of vitamin B group and lactic acid bacteria, etc., prevention is better than treatment, as long as more attention on weekdays, you can reduce the incidence of cystitis opportunity.
Complication
Complications of overactive bladder Complications, bladder, hot and cold cystitis
Can be complicated by ureteral progressive stenosis, reflux and the development of hydronephrosis.
Symptom
Overactive bladder symptoms Common symptoms Urinary bladder dysfunction Bladder emptying Incomplete urine urinary bladder volume reduction Bladder residual urine volume increased
When urinating, there is burning pain in the urethra, frequent urination, often accompanied by urgency, severe urinary incontinence, frequent urinary urgency, especially 5 to 6 times per hour, each time the amount of urine is not much, even only a few drops, urinating There may be pain in the lower abdomen at the end.
Examine
Examination of overactive bladder
(1) Screening examination: refers to the inspection items that should be completed by ordinary patients.
1, medical history: 1 typical symptoms: including urination diary assessment, see Appendix II; 2 related symptoms: dysuria, urinary incontinence, sexual function, defecation, etc.; 3 related history: urinary and male reproductive system diseases and treatment history; menstruation , fertility, gynecological diseases and treatment history; neurological diseases and treatment history.
2, physical examination: 1 general physical examination; 2 special physical examination: urinary and male reproductive system, nervous system, female reproductive system.
3, laboratory examination: urine routine.
4, special examination of urology: urine flow rate, urinary system ultrasound examination (including residual urine measurement).
(2) Selective examination: refers to special patients, such as suspected patients with certain lesions, should be selected to complete the inspection items.
1, pathogen examination: suspected urinary or reproductive system inflammation should be carried out in the urine, prostatic fluid, urethra and vaginal secretions of the pathogens.
2. Cytological examination: Urine cytology was performed in patients with suspected urothelial tumors.
3, urinary tract plain film, intravenous urography, urinary endoscopy, CT or MRI examination: suspected of other diseases of the urinary system.
4, invasive urodynamic examination: 1 purpose: to determine the presence or absence of lower urinary tract obstruction, evaluation of detrusor function; 2 indications: invasive urodynamics examination is not a routine examination item, but in the following cases should be invasive Urodynamic examination: decreased urinary flow rate or increased residual urine; preferred treatment failure or urinary retention; before any invasive treatment; lower urinary tract dysfunction found in screening examination needs further evaluation; 3 selection item: bladder pressure Determination; pressure-flow rate measurement, and the like.
5, other examination of urine culture, blood biochemistry, serum PSA (male 40 years old or older).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of overactive bladder
OAB is an independent syndrome. However, many clinical diseases can also cause OAB symptoms, such as bladder outlet obstruction caused by various causes, neurogenic urinary dysfunction and genitourinary infection caused by various causes. In these diseases, the symptoms of OAB may be secondary or may be associated with symptoms of the primary disease, such as OAB symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
