mouth ulcers in children
Introduction
Introduction to pediatric oral ulcers Children with oral ulcers Oral ulcers (mouth sores) is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases, and the prevalence in children is generally considered to be more than 10%. Oral ulcers in children are localized ulcer lesions characterized by periodic recurrence. They can heal themselves and can occur in any part of the oral mucosa. They are more common in the lips, cheeks and tongues. In severe cases, they can spread to the pharynx. Mucosa. Many children with the prolongation of the disease, the ulcer area increased, the number increased, the pain increased, the healing period was prolonged, the interval period was shortened, etc., affecting food and speech. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005%-0.008% Susceptible people: children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Thrush
Cause
Causes of pediatric oral ulcers
1, hand, foot and mouth disease: This disease also has symptoms similar to herpetic stomatitis, which occurs in children under 5 years old and is prevalent. After the illness, the oral damage is spread over the lips, cheeks, tongue, and sputum. It is a lot of small blisters, which are easily broken. After the break, many small ulcers are formed. In addition to the oral cavity, the skin of the palm, sole, and buttocks can also be There are scattered small blisters, so it is called hand, foot and mouth disease.
2, mouth sores: more common, but the cause is different. Some are caused by invisible wounds in the oral mucosa, some due to excessive pressure, and some due to lack of vitamin B in the food. The initial oral mucosa will have a burning sensation, followed by redness and many small ulcers, which are quite painful. Common parts are in the lingual mucosa, the bottom of the mouth and the tongue.
3, trauma: Any scald, stab wound, eating and corrosive things, etc., can cause oral mucosal injury, which in turn triggers ulcers.
4, drug allergies: babies with special constitution may cause so-called erythema multiforme disease due to unexplained causes such as drugs or infections. At this time, there will be target erythema in the baby, eyes, lips, mouth, genitour and urinary tract. There is inflammation and ulceration.
Prevention
Pediatric oral ulcer prevention
1, pay attention to oral hygiene, to avoid damage to the oral mucosa, to avoid spicy food and local irritation.
2, to maintain a comfortable, optimistic and cheerful.
3. Ensure adequate sleep time and avoid excessive fatigue.
4, pay attention to the regularity of life and nutritional balance, develop a certain bowel habit, prevent constipation.
Complication
Pediatric oral ulcer complications Complications thrush
Can be complicated by bad breath, thrush, chronic pharyngitis, constipation, headache, dizziness, nausea, fatigue, irritability, fever, swollen lymph nodes and other systemic symptoms.
Symptom
Pediatric oral ulcer symptoms common symptoms oral mucosal ulcer painless oral ulcer
At the beginning of the lesion, the lesion is sensitive or there is a needle-like size or a slightly larger area of congestion. In a short period of time, a shallow ulcer with a diameter of 2 to 4 mm, round or oval, and a clear boundary is formed. The center is slightly depressed, and the surface is covered with a layer of pale yellow pseudomembrane. The mucosa around the ulcer is red-stained, and the bottom is not hard. The number of ulcers is generally about 2 to 3. There is a severe burning pain after the ulcer is formed.
Ulcers often occur alone, and two or more are rare. Occurs in the inner side of the lips and the mucosa of the mouth area. The ulcer at the beginning is the same as the light recurrent aphthous ulcer, but its diameter gradually expands to 1-2 cm and progresses to the mucosa to the deep. The ulcer is purplish red or dark red, the edges are irregular, and the petals are bulged, and the central depression is like a "crater." The bottom is uneven, slightly hard, small nodules, redness around the ulcer, local severe pain and may be associated with local lymphadenopathy, fever. The course of the disease is often more than a month. Scars are left behind, and severe tissue defects or deformities can be formed.
Examine
Examination of oral ulcers in children
The oral examination can be performed; if the oral ulcer has a long course or is accompanied by other diseases, the primary disease should also be examined.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of oral ulcer in children
1. Thrush
Neonates, malnutrition, chronic diarrhea, long-term use of antibiotics or hormones in children are prone to attack by Candida albicans, forming thrush. At the beginning of the buccal mucosa, tongue, gums, upper palate, a little bit and small pieces of white debris, and gradually merge into a large piece, not easy to wipe off.
2, herpes simplex
Herpes simplex virus often attacks children under 5 years of age, causing herpetic aphthous ulcers. After the child's fever, small translucent follicles appear on the mucosa of the mouth, tongue and throat, and soon collapse and form an ulcer. The cervical lymph nodes also appear enlarged and tender. Children have pain when eating, often refuse to eat.
3, ulcerative aphthous ulcer
Various cocci are often invading infants and young children, causing stomatitis, also known as ulcerative aphthous ulcers. The oral mucosa has obvious congestion, accompanied by ulcers of different sizes. The ulcer is covered with a gray-white pseudomembrane. The child is very painful, drooling, irritability, refusal to eat, often accompanied by fever and swollen lymph nodes.
