calcified thyroid nodule
Introduction
Introduction to thyroid nodule calcification The thyroid gland is located on both sides of the upper end of the anterior trachea. Below the thyroid cartilage, it can be divided into left and right leaves, with a narrow isthmus connected in the middle. Thyroid nodules are thyroid tissue cells proliferating and dense, the cell content per unit volume is significantly higher than normal, forming thyroid nodules, the initial symptoms of thyroid nodules are not obvious, it is easy to mix with thyroid cysts, visible under ultrasound Light spot or strong spot or strong aura. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: liver disease, renal tubular acidosis, diabetes
Cause
Causes of thyroid nodules calcification
1. Radioactive contact. The history of radiation exposure is an important virulence factor for thyroid cancer. In children receiving radiation doses of 10 to 1000 rad, the incidence of thyroid cancer is higher.
2, autoimmune. Patients with autoimmune thyroiditis are also prone to thyroid nodules.
3. Genetic predisposition. Familial medullary carcinoma has a typical genetic predisposition, and about 7% of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma may have a family genetic predisposition. In addition, there is currently no evidence that other thyroid cancers are hereditary.
4. Excessive iodine intake. Severe iodine deficiency can cause endemic goiter, but excessive iodine intake can also cause a variety of thyroid diseases, such as thyroid dysfunction and thyroid nodules.
Prevention
Thyroid nodule calcification prevention
The iodine element in the diet has the greatest impact on the thyroid gland. Insufficient or excessive iodine can cause thyroid disease. The lack of iodine is the main cause of thyroid enlargement. The daily diet of people in plateau and mountain areas often contains insufficient iodine. Vegetables should be cooked with iodized salt. People in coastal areas should control the intake of iodine.
Chinese medicine believes that the occurrence of thyroid disease is closely related to emotional disorders. Maintaining a good attitude and an optimistic attitude towards life can significantly reduce the incidence of thyroid disease.
Overwork will increase the burden on the thyroid gland. In the long run, the thyroid gland is in an unstable state, reducing the body's immunity. Under the influence of external factors, such as chemical stimulation or bacterial infection, it is prone to pathogenesis. Therefore, combining work and rest, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and working methods is also an effective way to prevent thyroid disease.
Complication
Thyroid nodule calcification complications Complications liver disease renal tubular acidosis diabetes
If the thyroid nodules are not treated in time or the treatment is unreasonable, it may cause serious complications such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes, renal tubular acidosis, and liver disease.
Symptom
Thyroid nodule calcification symptoms common symptoms nodular calcification goiter
Thyroid nodules are masses in the thyroid gland that move up and down with the thyroid gland as they swallow. They are common clinical conditions and can be caused by a variety of causes. Thyroid nodules can be divided into single and multiple nodules. The size, location, texture, function and clinical significance of nodules vary. The following is a detailed introduction to the symptoms of thyroid nodules:
1. The thyroid gland is found to have single or multiple sizes, round or elliptical, with a smooth surface and no adhesion to the surrounding area. It can move up and down with swallowing. The texture is slightly harder than normal glands, and there is no lumps without tenderness. Long-term maintenance or slow growth (more common in women over 30).
2, the thyroid gland nodules and surrounding thyroid tissue boundary clearly, the diameter is generally 3 ~ 4cm, the nodules are hard, the hardness can exceed the substantial tumor, small cysts are generally asymptomatic, huge cysts can produce compression symptoms.
3, acute onset, fever, sore throat and one or both sides of the thyroid enlargement and hard, the size of the nodules in the thyroid gland is different, can be single or multiple, the texture is hard and local pain, and often After the ear, the top of the head is radiated, accompanied by significant pain and tenderness in the thyroid body.
4, the onset and development process is slow, goiter can be asymmetrical, nodules are hard and extensive adhesion and fixation with adjacent tissues outside the gland, local pain and tenderness, accompanied by obvious compression symptoms, but local lymph nodes are not swollen, More common in middle-aged women.
5, no obvious symptoms in the early stage, only a hard, painless mass in the thyroid gland, uneven surface, rapid growth, irregular shape, poor mobility, rapid growth in the later stage, sound, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing, etc. Symptoms of compression, localized lymphadenopathy or distant metastases.
6, early thyroid mild swelling, soft, no symptoms, with gland enlargement, nodules, severe swelling can occur when the symptoms of compression, but normal thyroid function, the age of onset is generally 40 to 50 years old or Above, the incidence of women is higher than that of men, and the history is long, often combined with heart disease.
7, slow onset, more common in middle-aged women, diffuse goiter without nodules, or manifested as asymmetrical thyroid enlargement, the surface is lobulated, texture such as rubber-like tough, no tenderness.
Examine
Examination of thyroid nodules calcification
Examination of thyroid nodules generally includes thyroid B-ultrasound, thyroid radionuclide scan, cervical X-ray examination, thyroid fine needle aspiration cytology, and thyroid function test.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of thyroid nodule calcification
Generally, 25% of thyroid nodules have calcification shadows, while thyroid cancer has 50% to 62.5% of calcification. It is generally believed that the coarser the calcified particles, the better the differentiation of cancer tissues. Its calcification shadow characteristics may have the following relationship with cancer classification:
1, granulosa calcification, almost common to thyroid malignant tumors, often characteristic of papillary adenocarcinoma.
2. About 10% to 20% of the gross calcification images are cancer, and the proportion of follicular adenocarcinoma is large.
3, medullary carcinoma often coarse particles and sand-like calcification mixed.
4, the general thyroid benign tumor calcification images are dense, the edges are clear, while the malignant tumors are pale and blurred.
The above is an introduction to the clinical significance of thyroid nodule calcification. From the above description, we can see that the characteristics of calcification shadow of thyroid nodules may be related to cancer classification. When patients are diagnosed with calcification of thyroid nodules, they must go to a professional hospital to avoid missed diagnosis. Treatment advice for thyroid nodules:
1. If the strong spot is large, it is recommended to do a puncture to check the pathology.
2, can not surgery, conservative treatment with traditional Chinese medicine, review after a period of time, if the strong spot is reduced, it can be effective, you can continue treatment until healing.
