subcutaneous lipoma
Introduction
Introduction to subcutaneous lipoma Subcutaneous lipoma is called a nucleus in Chinese medicine. The name "sarcoma" is the "Golden Essentials". Due to stagnation of the spleen and stagnation of sputum. In the subcutaneous meat, a lump, as big as a peach, a fist, according to a slightly soft, painless as the main manifestation of neoplastic disease. The most common sites for hair growth are the neck, shoulders, back, buttocks and breasts, which are benign tumors that originate in adipose tissue and are composed of mature adipose tissue. Lipoma is a benign tumor of adipose tissue. It is made up of mature adipose tissue, which can occur in all parts of the body where fat is present. The lipoma has a thin fibrous intima with many fibrous cords, which form a lot of spaces in the longitudinal and transverse directions, most commonly in the subcutaneous tissue of the neck, shoulders, back, buttocks and breasts and limbs, face, scalp, scrotum and labia, followed by peritoneum After the gastrointestinal wall, etc.; very few can appear in the original fat-free tissue. If the proportion of fibrous tissue in the tumor is large, it is called fibroidoma. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.002% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: skin cysts
Cause
Causes of subcutaneous lipoma
Subcutaneous lipoma refers to the "lipoma tumorigenic factor" also has a tumorigenic factor in the patient's somatic cells. Under normal circumstances, the tumorigenic factor is in an inactive state (inactive state), and the subcutaneous lipoma is normal. Under the circumstances, it will not occur, but under the influence of various internal and external environment, the activity of the tumorigenic factor of this lipoma is active and has a certain activity. When the body's resistance is decreased, the lymphocytes in the body are single. The ability of immune cells such as nuclear phagocytic cells to monitor tumorigenic factors is reduced. In addition, the internal environment changes in the body, the stimulation of chronic inflammation, and the cause of abnormal systemic fat metabolism, the activity of the tumorigenic factor of lipoma is further enhanced and the body is normal. Some gene fragments in the cell combine to form a genetic abnormal mutation, which causes a normal proliferation of normal fat cells and surrounding tissue cells, leading to adipose tissue deposition, and a mass protruding to the body surface or various internal organs, called Lipoma.
Incidence is increasing year by year
With the diversification of human diet and the increasing diet rhythm and environmental pollution, the incidence of lipoma is gradually increasing, such as: high cholesterol diet, long-term alcohol abuse, excessive eating of irritating diet, diet and disorder of life such as: breakfast Do not eat well or do not eat breakfast, dinner too much, too much bad eating habits, excessive pesticides, food additives flooding, ionizing radiation flooding space and so on have a direct and indirect relationship with the formation of lipoma, which gave birth to lipoma ---- The characteristics of increasing incidence.
Prevention
Subcutaneous lipoma prevention
First, start with a dietary nutrient balance:
1, eat more fiber-containing foods, because the fiber has a variety of important physiological functions. Such as: laxative, lower blood cholesterol, lower blood sugar, improve intestinal flora and prevent cancer.
2. Comprehensive diet:
1) Control the intake of fat in the diet. Some experts suggest that the energy provided by fat should not exceed 7-10% per day.
2) Increase the proportion of vegetables, fruits and cereals in the diet, the dietary fiber intake is greater than 30g / day.
3) Reduce the proportion of animal foods such as eggs, meat and milk.
4) Control salted, smoked and charred foods in the diet, do not eat moldy and degraded foods, to reduce the intake of mutagenic/carcinogens in food.
5) Drinking moderate amount. The vegetarian diet advocated is not a single diet that promotes food and pickles. It advocates the use of fresh vegetables such as cereals (including beans) and a balanced diet with animal foods (poultry, meat, fish, milk, eggs). In terms of food variety, whether it is vegetative or animal, it requires diversification and freshness. This dietary rule is not only conducive to lipoma prevention, but also meets the requirements of preventing other chronic diseases and promoting health.
Second: avoid contact with other carcinogens as much as possible to achieve the purpose of prevention, thereby improving people's quality of life, fasting meat and dog meat.
Complication
Subcutaneous lipoma complications Complications skin cysts
There is usually no complication, and it may also cause skin cysts.
Symptom
Subcutaneous lipoma symptoms Common symptoms Subcutaneous nodular fibrotic calcified nodules Skin adhesions
Subcutaneous lipoma is a fairly common skin lesion, which is formed by the accumulation of normal fat cells, accounting for about 80% of benign tumors of soft tissues. There are no obvious special causes, often occurring under the skin, and deep tissues such as internal organs can also occur. Mature fat cells are arranged in groups, most of which are surrounded by a fibrous outer membrane. However, sometimes irregular adipose tissue is scattered in the muscle tissue. Common lipomas are common in the subcutaneous fat layer of the head, neck, shoulders and back. It can be multiple and can occur at any age, but is most often found in 40-60 years old. The lesion is usually very slow, round, soft, removable, and not painful.
Disease classification
According to the number of lipomas can be divided into two types of isolated lipoma and multiple lipoma. Such tumors occur in the shoulders, back, buttocks, limbs, waist, abdomen and the inside of the thigh. Head disease is also common. The lipomas located in the subcutaneous tissue vary in size, mostly oblate or lobulated, and the boundaries are clear; those with unclear borders should be aware of the possibility of malignant lipoma. Individually referred to as isolated line lipoma. Two or more are called multiple lipomas.
According to different parts, it can be divided into subcutaneous lipoma and angiomyolipoma (also known as stunt hook tumor). According to the site of the lipoma, the subcutaneous lipoma is flat or lobulated, soft, and the boundary is clear. It is soft and can be pushed. The surface of the skin is normal and the development is slow. The number is as many as hundreds, often under the skin. Avascular angiomyolipomas are mainly caused by lipomas between the smooth muscle tissues of the capillaries (also known as renal hamartomas).
Examine
Subcutaneous lipoma examination
1. Histopathological examination: the tumor section is light yellow, the tumor is made up of thin fibrous membrane wrapped with mature fat leaflets, the capsule is thin, intact, fat cell size, uniform shape, trabecular-separated fat lobules, with interlobular Branches of fibrous tissue and capillaries, small blood vessels in the tissue, uneven distribution of capillaries, mixed with a small amount of scattered foam cells, sometimes visible focal mucin degeneration, calcification, ossification, hemorrhage, necrosis, liquefaction or xanthophage There are usually not many fibrous tissues. If there are more, it is called fibrolipoma. When the larger lipoma is twisted, it may be cystic like due to local blood flow disorder and liquefaction.
2. Chromosome examination: Cytogenetic studies have shown that this disease is associated with abnormal changes in chromosomes of 12q, 6p and 13q.
3. Can take B-ultrasound: B-ultrasound can judge its position, size, texture, whether it is substantial or cystic. If you use color ultrasound, you can directly see the blood supply of the tumor, blood supply is rich, may be Malignant; it is necessary to do color B-ultrasound or angiography, color Doppler ultrasound or angiography can clearly determine its boundary, whether the capsule is intact, the relationship between important blood vessels and nerves.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of subcutaneous lipoma
1. Diagnosis of the disease is mainly based on symptoms and physical examination. Especially the characteristics of the tumor surface.
2. In order to identify with other diseases, the inspection project may include a check box "B".
