allergic skin disease
Introduction
Introduction to allergic skin diseases Allergic skin disease is also called allergic skin disease. It is the most common and most complicated disease in skin diseases. The number is large, and it can be seen at any age, and there are many causes of illness. Allergies are generally classified into four types, in which immediate and delayed type are the causes of allergic skin diseases. The part of urticaria and drug eruption is caused by immediate type, and eczema and contact allergic dermatitis are caused by delayed type. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anaphylactic shock
Cause
Causes of allergic skin diseases
The appearance of allergic skin disease may be caused by age, leading to the degradation of the skin's secretory function, which reduces the protective function of the skin. If the skin is exposed to sunlight or a polluted environment for a long time, the skin is exposed to various substances in the air. The skin's lipid protective layer is also damaged, and it can easily cause skin irritation once the skin is stimulated.
In addition, the use of inferior cosmetics or improper use of drugs is also a common cause of skin allergies, and physiological factors, mental factors and changes in the weather are all related to the occurrence of skin allergies. Skin allergies are ubiquitous in people's lives. As for why they suffer from skin allergies, everyone should understand this knowledge and master the cause of skin allergies. Patients can start treatment for the cause.
Prevention
Allergic skin disease prevention
In summer, both adults and children may have long braids. In response to the scorpion, you can apply the scorpion powder, bathe with honeysuckle, or add a half of the fragrant water in the bath water to take a bath.
Bitter gourd juice and cucumber slices bitter gourd taste bitter cold, there is heat and heat, detoxification and cooling blood. Wash the fresh bitter gourd skin, cut it off, smash the juice, and apply the juice directly to the scorpion to effectively remove the lice. Cucumber also has the effect of clearing away heat and water, detoxification and anti-inflammatory. Cut the cucumber into pieces and gently apply it to the affected area for 3~4 times a day to relieve pain and relieve itching.
Do not wash your skin with a strong alkaline soap. Pay attention to the indoor ventilation and cool, keep the local skin clean and dry, and properly reduce the indoor temperature to prevent the long lice.
Complication
Allergic skin disease complications Complications anaphylactic shock
1. Hazards of urticaria:
When urticaria occurs, the skin has wheal and erythema, accompanied by severe itching. It may also have gastrointestinal symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and may have dyspnea with palpitation and chest tightness. Generally, it does not endanger. Patient life. However, there are two cases that cause death of the patient; first, acute urticaria causes submucosal edema of the respiratory tract, which makes the patient's breathing difficult, and severe cases cause suffocation. Failure to treat in time may endanger the patient's life. In addition, acute large-scale urticaria with sweating dehydration, patients with breathing difficulties accompanied by palpitation, chest tightness, anaphylactic shock symptoms, if not timely rescue, the patient will die due to insufficient blood supply to the organs, functional failure.
2, the harm of eczema:
Eczema is an allergic inflammatory skin disease, often recurrent, local skin ulceration, infection and spread to the surrounding, more serious systemic symptoms - sepsis. Eczema can occur at any age, any part, any season, but often recurs or exacerbates the tendency to exude in winter, chronic disease, and recurrent. Dermatitis eczema is common in the face, behind the ears, flexors of the limbs, breasts, hands, scrotum, etc., symmetrically distributed. Not only seriously affects the appearance, but also itching is difficult, affecting the quality of life of patients.
3. Hazards of allergic dermatitis:
Common allergic dermatitis is contact dermatitis, cosmetic dermatitis, solar dermatitis, neurodermatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, hormone-dependent dermatitis. The most common itching symptoms of dermatitis can make patients sleepless. Once they are aggravated, it can cause itching, skin scratching, rash, exudation, erosion, and even skin necrosis, causing serious damage to the face.
4, the use of hormone drugs to treat skin allergies is harmful:
At present, the abuse of hormonal drugs in patients with skin allergies is very common, but the side effects of hormonal drugs are very large. Long-term application of hormonal drugs can cause serious consequences such as centripetal obesity, full moon face, purple lines, thin skin, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, edema, nausea, vomiting, and hemorrhoids. Therefore, we must use hormones to treat skin diseases with caution.
Symptom
Symptoms of allergic skin disease Common symptoms Skin itching blisters erythema nodules peeling
Symptoms of skin allergies are itching, and may also be accompanied by redness and swelling, blisters, or scarring of the lesions and liquefaction of the lesions; these lesions vary in shape and size. Occasionally, chest tightness, numbness, swelling, etc. may occur; when these symptoms appear, it is skin allergies. Other skin allergy symptoms include itching, sneezing, runny nose, tears, rashes, airway obstruction, or skin conditions such as urticaria.
Examine
Examination of allergic skin diseases
Skin test, skin fungal microscopy, blood test.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of allergic skin diseases
The main cause of allergic skin diseases is to check allergens.
The examination of allergens is divided into exposure to allergens, mainly through the patch test to check contact with allergens, such as cosmetics, jewelry, clothing, and allergies caused by decoration.
Inhalation of allergens is mainly performed by blood tests or by a skin test similar to penicillin skin test. Food allergens are also checked by this method.
However, in some cases, allergens are not detected. If there are many dermatitis and eczema similar to allergic skin diseases, but not true skin allergies, this situation is often checked for allergies, because its pathogenesis is not allergic, it is irritating, it is caused by various irritants. Skin irritation, or the presence of some chemicals in contact with the skin or after eating, can cause the release of some inflammatory mediators in the body, directly causing dermatitis or urticaria. It is similar to allergies, but it can't be checked. In addition, because the limited substances examined are mainly the most common allergens, if the substances you are allergic to are not included in these substances, they cannot be detected.
Food is the main cause of allergies. It is obviously not a smart and reasonable method to avoid eating all foods suspected of having allergies. So how to determine which food is allergic is particularly important. Try applying the following methods:
1, food record method: the type of food eaten every month such as rice, eggs, shrimp, chicken, cucumber, tomatoes, etc., the time of ingestion (such as month, day, hour, etc.), the time of allergies is recorded one by one. Once an allergy has occurred, the relationship between food and allergies can be found in the records. Generally pay more attention to the food that is eaten 12-24 hours before the onset of allergies. This method is simple and easy to grasp, but it is difficult to get accurate results.
2, food exclusion method: first use food that is often eaten without allergies, that is, food contains only rice, noodles, soybeans, potatoes, peas, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini and other things that are rarely sensitized. Try not to add flavorings and other ingredients that may cause allergies in the food. Eat this light food for 3 weeks. Generally, if it is a food allergy, after three weeks of such a diet, there should be no rash. At this point, suspicious food can be added one by one to the above light foods. For each additional observation for 5 days, see if there is any allergic reaction. If an allergic reaction occurs after adding a suspicious food, the test result of this food is positive and should be recorded. Each suspicious food is tested one by one because one person may be allergic to two or more foods at the same time. Allergic foods identified by this method are best eaten and observed again to further determine if it is a food that is truly allergic. It is best to eat and observe allergic foods found by food recording methods to make the results more reliable. For foods that have been confirmed to cause allergies, they cannot be eaten later. After a period of time, this allergic food is expected to control the occurrence of allergic reactions.
3, skin test: the skin test method of the ingestion group is simple, only use the empty needle to inhale the skin test solution containing milk, rice, soybean, etc., and then the subject's upper arm can do multiple pricks to observe the allergies of various foods. reaction. However, due to the complex process of digestion and absorption of ingested rice, flour, beans, etc., the physiological and biochemical changes that occur are not all reflected in the test process of the ingestion group, so the resulting As a result, although positive, a comprehensive clinical analysis is needed to determine if it is a food that causes allergies.
