neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis
Introduction
Introduction to subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborns Neocutaneous subcutaneous fat necrosis (newborn) is a benign lesion, which is a disease that occurs in the early stage of neonates or infants. It is characterized by the appearance of painless nodules and plaques in subcutaneous adipose tissue, which can resolve spontaneously and have a good prognosis. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% Susceptible population: newborn Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:
Cause
Neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis
(1) Causes of the disease
It is still unclear. Some children have a history of dystocia or birth injury, a history of asphyxia, and are related to hypoxia and cold. It is unclear whether the mother's diabetes is related to the occurrence of this disease.
(two) pathogenesis
The pathogenesis is still not very clear.
Prevention
Neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis prevention
No special precautions.
Complication
Neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis complications Complication
Occasionally comorbidities or visceral involvement.
Symptom
Neonatal subcutaneous fat necrosis symptoms Common symptoms Subcutaneous fat necrosis nodules
The initial stage of skin damage is fresh red or purple red subcutaneous deep confined nodules, single or multiple, round or oval, small can be as large as soybeans, the larger can be as large as eggs, scattered, and later can be fused into plaque The boundary is clear, sometimes the edge is slightly higher, the pressure is not depressed, there are no symptoms, and there is no systemic symptoms. Before and after the full moon, the nodules and plaques begin to soften and absorb, and completely disappear after a few months, and generally do not collapse during the process. Healthy babies, which are common in full-term delivery, develop within 1 to 6 weeks. They are more common in the buttocks, thighs and cheeks, torso, etc. Sometimes the upper limbs and vulva can be involved.
Examine
Examination of subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborns
Histopathology: subcutaneous fat has extensive inflammatory cell infiltration, fat necrosis, lymphocytes, epithelioid cells and foreign body giant cells infiltrate, containing needle-shaped fissures in giant cells, and arranged radially, with calcium deposits in necrotic tissue .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of subcutaneous fat necrosis in newborns
Diagnostic criteria
According to the clinical manifestations, the patient is a nodule with deep red or purple red subcutaneous lesions at the beginning of the newborn's skin lesions. Single or multiple, round or oval, the small ones can be as large as the soybeans, and the larger ones can be as large as the eggs. Distribution, combined with histopathology can be diagnosed.
Differential diagnosis
1. Newborn frostbite is common in premature infants, with poor nutrition, first in the foot, calf, can extend to the whole body, with depressed edema.
2. Neonatal scleredema is more common in premature infants, systemic skin sclerosis, poor prognosis, little or no fat necrosis, inflammation or giant cell infiltration, lack of calcium deposition, and wide fibrous bands in the subcutaneous tissue.
