Sleep Phase Shift Syndrome 1
Introduction
Sleep Phase Backward Syndrome 1 Introduction Sleep Phase Shift Syndrome (DSPS) is a chronic sleep disorder in which patients generally sleep late and the pace of life is severely affected. In 1981, it was first proposed by the Doctor Montefiore Medical Center in New York, USA. However, due to the long-term neglect of this syndrome, many patients did not try to receive treatment, and sometimes they were misdiagnosed as general insomnia. This disease often occurs in childhood or adolescence, and some people's symptoms will disappear with age, but some people suffer from this disease for life. Some patients have to wait until dawn to fall asleep. Once they fall asleep, they sleep with normal people. Except for some patients with sleep disorders such as sleep apnea, their sleep quality is mostly normal. However, this late night sleep is difficult to go to work on time and disturb the schedule. Some studies in foreign countries mean that about 3 people per 2,000 people will suffer from this disease, accounting for about 0.15% of the population, and the number of male and female patients is similar; and about 7-10% of patients suffering from insomnia suffer from this disease. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.13%-0.17%, the prevalence rate of adolescents is 7% Susceptible people: teenagers Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: depression, glaucoma, gallstones
Cause
Sleep phase shift syndrome 1 cause
DSPS is a disorder of the human body's timing system (biological clock). It is generally believed that the reduced ability to reset the circadian clock (sleeping, waking time) is the cause of DSPS. Patients with DSPS usually have very long day and night rhythm cycles, or have a weak response to the daylight resetting circadian clock.
If you don't have enough sleep the night before, someone with a normal day and night rhythm system usually falls asleep quickly. Early sleep usually automatically advances their day and night rhythm clock. In contrast, even if DSPS patients lack sleep, they still can't fall asleep before their usual bedtime. The researchers found that lack of sleep did not reset the day and night rhythm clocks of patients with DSPS.
DSPS patients who try to live a normal routine will find it hard to fall asleep and wake up. Because their biological clock is not in that phase. Normal people who have night shifts will have the same symptoms if they are not adjusted.
Other day and night rhythm functions of DSPS patients also have post-migration, such as melatonin secretion and body temperature minimum, corresponding to the period of falling asleep and waking up. Falling asleep, naturally waking up, and many other internal functions are all shifted back at the same time. Non-dipper hypertension is also associated with DSPS if one considers the time to sleep and wake up that is not acceptable to the surrounding.
In most cases, it is impossible to know why the circadian clock of patients with DSPS is abnormal. DSPS appears to be hereditary: a large body of evidence suggests that this problem is related to hPer3 (human period 3). There are also some recorded cases of DSPS and non-24-hour sleep cycle syndrome due to traumatic brain injury.
There are also very few cases in which DSPS develops into a non-24-hour sleep cycle syndrome, which is a very serious sleep disorder that causes debilitation, and patients sleep a little late every day.
Prevention
Sleep phase shift syndrome 1 prevention
1, the schedule of work and rest, develop a good habit of going to bed early and getting up early.
2, go out of the outdoors, strengthen the sun, strong physical exercise. The study found that light can inhibit the secretion of melatonin in the human brain and control emotions, and has a good effect on preventing depression. In addition, various exercise exercises not only improve physical fitness, but also make people happy.
3, pay attention to the body's nutritional balance. Eat more calories to meet your body's needs, such as eating more high-calorie meat and legumes. In addition, when you are depressed, you can drink green tea coffee. You can also eat bananas to make your mood happy.
4. Develop interest and create happiness.
Complication
Sleep phase shift syndrome 1 complications Complications , glaucoma, gallstones
1. Depression: Nearly half of the recorded cases of DSPS are suffering from depression or other mental illnesses. The link between DSPS and depression is not yet clear. Half of the DSPS patients have no depression, indicating that DSPS is not a simple symptom of depression. Even in patients with depression, the efficacy of time treatment is better than direct treatment of depression.
It is widely believed that DSPS is an important cause of depression because it is a disorder that causes great stress and misunderstanding. It is also possible to have neurochemical substances that can link sleep mechanisms and depression.
Patients with DSPS with depression should receive treatment for both diseases. Some evidence suggests that effective treatment of DSPS can improve the mental outlook of patients, thus making the treatment of depression more effective. At the same time, the treatment of depression can make patients have a higher success rate of DSPS treatment.
2, eye disease: the liver is open to the eye, when the child does not sleep easily lead to liver deficiency, blurred vision, presbyopia, wind and tears and other symptoms, will also form glaucoma, cataract, fundus arteriosclerosis, retinopathy and other eye diseases. (So there is a problem with the eyes, which is usually caused by a problem with the liver)
3, bleeding symptoms: liver has blood storage, regulate blood function, do not sleep when the child, will cause liver blood deficiency, but also cause vomiting blood, nosebleeds, subcutaneous hemorrhage, gum bleeding, fundus bleeding, ear bleeding and other bleeding symptoms.
4, liver and gallbladder disease: when the child has to replace bile, if the gallbladder is not asleep, if the bile is replaced, the bile is not good, too thick and crystallized into stone, a long time to get gallstones. At present, there is a hepatitis B virus carrier in an average of five people in Guangzhou. Most of them are caused by not sleeping when they violated the laws of nature. Hepatitis B virus carrying means that 40%-60% of cirrhosis in the future, and severe liver cancer.
Symptom
Sleep Phase Backward Syndrome 1 Symptoms Common Symptoms Sleep Rhythm Disorder
According to the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD), the main features of sleep phase shift syndrome are:
1. The time when sleep starts and wakes up, which is later than the ideal situation is uncontrollable.
2, the time to fall asleep is basically the same.
3. Once you fall asleep, you won't wake up easily.
4. It is very difficult to get up at the ideal time in the morning.
5, relatively very serious, unable to advance the sleep phase, such as forcing to sleep and get up at normal time.
The following features distinguish sleep phase shift syndrome from other sleep disorders
1. The patient can have normal sleep at least in the morning or even in the afternoon (even better sleep quality). In contrast, long-term insomnia patients do not feel that it is easier to fall asleep in the morning than at night.
2, the patient feels sleepy almost every night. If they lie down and rest at this time, they can quickly fall asleep. Children who do not feel sleepy will refuse to go to bed, but if they are allowed to lie on their bed before the usual bedtime, the quarrel will go away.
3, patients can sleep well and very regular, if they are allowed to follow their own biological clock, such as weekends or holidays.
4. DSPS is a long-term condition that requires diagnosis based on at least one month of clinical performance.
A DSPS patient who was forced to live on a nine-to-five basis was often compared to a person who often had a 6-hour time difference. They all sleep a few hours on the night of the working day, but will make it back on weekends or in the afternoon. Sleeping on weekends or sleeping in the afternoon will free DSPS from daytime sleepiness, but it will further strengthen his sleep phase shift.
Patients with DSPS are usually serious night owls. They feel the most agile in the middle of the night and the most efficient thing to do. Patients with DSPS cannot easily force themselves to go to bed early. They will be tossing and turning in bed for hours, and sometimes they have not closed their eyes when they go to class or work.
When DSPS patients seek medical help, they must try to change their sleep patterns many times. Early attempts to fail generally include: relaxation techniques, early sleep, hypnosis, alcohol, sleeping pills, bedside readings, and home remedies. Some of the patients who used sleeping pills said that the drug made them feel tired or relaxed, but not drowsiness. Patients often turn to their families to wake them up in the morning, or they can set up many alarm clocks. Because this symptom is more common during adolescence, it is usually the parents of the patient who are the first to seek help, because they have to spend a lot of effort and can not wake their children to school on time.
Examine
Sleep phase shift syndrome 1 check
1. Clinical observation, physical activity change recorder monitoring or sleep recording to continuously track patients for at least 3 weeks.
2, laboratory inspection:
Brain CT: Exclusion of organic lesions.
Diagnosis
Sleep phase shift syndrome 1 diagnosis and identification
The DSPS continues to track patients for at least 3 weeks by clinical observation, body activity change recorder monitoring or sleep recording.
DSPS is often misdiagnosed. Often misdiagnosed as a mental disorder. DSPS is often confused with many other diseases, such as mental insomnia, depression, mental disorders such as schizophrenia or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, and other sleep disorders, or some deliberate behavior, such as not wanting to go to school. Practitioners of sleep medicine pointed out that the diagnostic accuracy of DSPS is too low, and there is an urgent need for better physiology education for people with sleep disorders.
