endocrine hyperfunction
Introduction
Introduction to endocrine function The classic concept of the endocrine system is the endocrine gland of a group of specialized cells. They include the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, gonad, islet, thymus and pineal gland. These glands secrete high-performance organic chemicals (hormones) that transmit chemical information to their target cells, target tissues, or target organs through blood circulation, exerting excitatory or inhibitory effects. Hormone is also called endocrine as the first messenger. Endocrine function hyperactivity is a primary hyperfunction: caused by endocrine carcass tumors, hyperplasia or other diseases, such as pituitary growth hormone tumor secretion of growth hormone increased acromegaly, adrenal adenoma secretes cortisol Caused by hypercortisolism, hyperparathyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, hyperthyroidism and hyperthyroidism. The other is secondary hyperfunction: the endocrine gland itself is disease-free, some factors other than the endocrine target gland or the tumor secretes hormone-like substances, such as lung oat cell carcinoma secreting adrenocorticotropic hormone and causing adrenal cortex secretion Excessive corticosteroid-induced ectopic corticosteroid syndrome. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 20% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: arrhythmia, hypertension, hyperthyroidism
Cause
Endocrine function hyperactivity
Endocrine corpus callosum, hyperplasia, acromegaly, hyperthyroidism, hypercortisolism, ectopic corticosteroid syndrome.
The human body has an endocrine system that secretes various hormones and the nervous system to regulate the metabolism and physiological functions of the human body. Under normal circumstances, various hormones are balanced, such as breaking the balance for some reason (some hormones are too much or too little), which causes endocrine disorders, which will cause corresponding clinical manifestations. Endocrine disorders can occur in both men and women.
1, physiological factors: experts pointed out that the body's endocrine hormones will generally be dysregulated with age. Usually the younger the less the endocrine. With age, women tend to ignore it. Some women's endocrine disorders are derived from heredity.
2, nutritional factors: adequate and appropriate nutrition is the basic guarantee for the body to maintain normal physiological functions, and now many female friends lose weight, food intake is insufficient, endocrine and other issues will appear one by one.
3. Environmental factors: Severe environmental pollution is another major factor in female endocrine disorders. In particular, toxic gases in the air enter the human body and undergo a series of chemical reactions, which indirectly lead to many problems such as menstrual disorders and endocrine disorders.
4. Emotional factors: Psychology is also an important reason. If a person is in a state of tension, it will be reflected to the nervous system, causing a disorder of hormone secretion.
Prevention
Prevention of hypersecretion
Develop a good lifestyle and form a regular lifestyle.
Ensure adequate nutrition and sleep, eat high protein and vitamin foods such as cereals and fresh fruits and vegetables.
Avoid overwork and excitement, and maintain a good spirit, so as not to affect the endocrine system.
1, keep a good mood
From the perspective of Chinese medicine, emotion also has a certain impact on endocrine. The so-called "emotion" actually refers to the mental state of the person. "The Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic" repeatedly discusses the damage caused by bad mental state to human organs, and thinks that "angered liver", "happy sadness", "thinking spleen", "sorrowful lungs", "terror-sucking kidney" . Emotional quality will directly affect the secretion of human estrogen.
2, diet, exercise, sleep
Endocrine disorders represent the unstable state of hormones. The regulation of endocrine mainly starts from diet and exercise. When necessary, supplemented with medication, it is necessary to develop good eating habits, eat more fresh fruits and vegetables, high protein foods, drink plenty of water, and supplement. The body needs the water, and at the same time participate in all kinds of exercise, strengthen physical fitness, but also have a scientific life law, do not stay up late, so as not to destroy the normal physiological laws, resulting in imbalance of hormone secretion or even insufficient, and then cause other diseases, Be sure to pay attention to rest and adequate sleep.
Complication
Endocrine hyperfunction Complications, arrhythmia, hyperthyroidism, hyperthyroidism
Diabetes, high blood pressure, osteoporosis, arrhythmia.
Symptom
Endocrine hyperthyroidism common symptoms easy to starve weight loss hyperhidrosis
1. Increased metabolism and high sympathetic excitation. Patients often have more food, easy to starve, weight loss, weakness, heat, sweating, wet skin, but also fever, diarrhea, easy to be excited, active, insomnia, rapid heartbeat, irregular heart rhythm, heart enlargement Even heart failure.
2. Eye changes. Due to excessive sympathetic excitation, the ocular fissure can be enlarged, the eyelids are retracted, the blinking is reduced, and the gaze state or the scared expression is presented.
3, glucose metabolism disorders, high blood pressure.
Examine
Endocrine function hyperactivity check
Serological tests for six endocrine tests are generally performed on the third day of the menstrual cycle. If it is because of amenorrhea, you can check it at any time; if it is a special case of time, you can check it at any time, but you must indicate the specific time, such as the specific time of the menstrual cycle. Because there are four types of follicular phase, ovulation period, luteal phase and menopause in the menstrual cycle, the normal values of these types are different. Does not explain the specific time of the menstrual cycle, there is no way to judge whether it is normal or not.
In the six endocrine examinations, the items examined are different and the methods of attention are different. The contents of the inspection can be checked in full or in a single inspection, but many hospitals are currently in full inspection. All inspections should pay attention to:
1. Check testosterone, which is 2 ml of venous serum. The commonly used method is radioimmunoassay. After separating serum, it can be determined.
2, check estrogen (estradiol), progesterone, follicle stimulating hormone, is also after the separation of venous serum, requiring 2 ml.
3, check luteinizing hormone, although the same is radioimmunoassay, but because luteinizing hormone is pulsed secretion, specimen collection is best collected within 3-4 times within 1 hour, and then mixed together for measurement, this is more accurate.
4, prolactin should be checked on an empty stomach, and serum is taken around 9 o'clock in the morning.
Diagnosis
Endocrine hyperthyroidism diagnosis
Primary nail resistance is the most common, which means hypercapnia at the same time as hyperthyroidism. The patient is between 20-40 years old. The gland enlargement is diffuse, bilaterally symmetrical, often accompanied by eyeballs.
Secondary hyperthyroidism is less common, such as hyperthyroidism secondary to nodular goiter, the patient has nodular goiter for many years, and later symptoms of hyperactivity. The age of onset is more than 40 years old. The gland is nodular and swollen, with multiple asymmetry on both sides, no eyeballs protruding, and prone to myocardial damage.
1, functional diagnosis;
2, pathological diagnosis, including nature and location;
3, the cause of diagnosis, when the cause, pathology, etc. are difficult to be clear, only clinical diagnosis can be obtained. For some endocrine diseases with very obvious clinical manifestations, only the clinical symptoms and signs can be diagnosed, such as hypercortisolism, ocular diffuse goiter with hyperthyroidism, etc. For those early symptoms, the symptoms are not obvious and no For a typical medical history, a detailed examination is required before the diagnosis can be confirmed.
