glossitis
Introduction
Introduction to glossitis Glossitis is a variety of diseases that occur on the tongue. The tongue is a special part of the human body. Changes in the tongue and tongue coating often reflect changes in visceral function, so it plays a very important role in the diagnosis and treatment of Chinese medicine. In fact, the tongue itself can also have various diseases, such as tongue bites, burns, ulcers, and tumors. There are also some special tongue diseases that are caused by developmental defects or special causes, and clinicians should pay attention to identification. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.093% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: swelling
Cause
Cause of glossitis
Glossitis is an oral manifestation of some systemic diseases, clinically more common in anemia (including pernicious anemia and iron deficiency anemia), riboflavin deficiency, malabsorption syndrome, heart failure patients, and women's menopausal syndrome. In recent years, the widespread use or abuse of antibiotics has caused the dysregulation of the normal intestinal flora, resulting in insufficient production of riboflavin, which is not uncommon.
Anemia (30%):
Anemia refers to a common clinical symptom in which the amount of red blood cells in the human peripheral blood is reduced, which is lower than the lower limit of the normal range. Because of the complexity of red blood cell volume determination, clinically, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration is often used instead.
Riboflavin deficiency (20%):
Riboflavin (vitamin B2), whether as a flavin mononucleotide or a flavin adenine dinucleotide, plays an essential coenzyme role in many oxidation-reduction reactions associated with carbohydrate metabolism. Lack of riboflavin can cause damage to the mouth, eyes, skin and reproduction.
Malabsorption syndrome (20%):
Nutrients, especially fat, which cannot be absorbed by the small intestine due to various reasons, leading to diarrhea, malnutrition, weight loss, etc., are called malabsorption syndrome.
Prevention
Glossitis prevention
1. To maintain oral hygiene, it is necessary to use water to contain phlegm after meals. It is necessary to hold the tip of the tongue against the lingual side of the anterior jaw of the mandible, so that the back of the tongue is arched upwards, so that the sulcus can be expanded, which is conducive to the residue remaining in the stagnation.
2. It can be used for anti-inflammatory and anti-corrosion gargle during inflammation.
3. Oral antibiotics in the case of secondary infection, topical application of cod liver oil emulsion.
4. Oral coptis can also reduce inflammation and pain.
5. You can also go to the hospital to remove the epithelium from the fissure and suture.
6. Taking VB and zinc also has a certain effect.
Complication
Glossitis complications Complications swelling
Often mild irritation, local fever and swelling may also occur.
Symptom
Symptoms of Tongue Symptoms Common Symptoms Tongue Tongue Deep Cracked Oral Ulcers Dry Dry Tongue Bleeding Tongue Crack Short Shrinking Tongue
1, glossy tongue
Also known as the tongue nipple atrophy, due to the shrinking of the silky nipple, the surface of the tongue is red and smooth, similar to the "mirror tongue" of Chinese medicine.
2, wrinkled tongue
Also known as the scrotum tongue, cracked tongue, the performance of the tongue back has many radial or irregular groove back, so that the tongue surface like the scrotum wrinkles, hence the name. The disease is mostly congenital developmental defects, more common in infants, and related to heredity. However, patients with vitamin B deficiency or mucinous edema may also have typical wrinkles. The former does not require treatment, and the latter is treated for the cause.
3, map tongue
More common in male children, for the unexplained benign inflammatory disease. It is characterized by a decrease in the filamentous nipple of the lingual surface, forming an irregular shape or a map shape, a reddish color, and a clear boundary. Generally no symptoms, the patient is not easy to detect. The disease duration can last from several months to several years, and most of them can be naturally relieved without adverse consequences, so no treatment is needed.
4, black hair tongue
For filamentous papillary hyperplasia and hyperkeratosis, plus the action of pigment-producing bacteria or fungi, local pigmentation increases, making the surface of the tongue black or brownish gray, generally asymptomatic. The disease is more common in middle age, the reasons are unknown, and some are related to taking drugs, such as certain antibiotics or drugs for treating ulcer disease, some are related to smoking, and generally do not require treatment.
5, strong tongue
Also known as tongue disease, mainly due to the shortness of the tongue bandage, which limits the range of motion of the tongue and affects speech, which is caused by developmental defects. If the normal function of the tongue is significantly affected, surgical correction can be considered.
6, the giant tongue
That is, the volume of the tongue increases. The disease can be caused by a variety of causes. Patients with congenital abnormalities do not need treatment, and can be treated by hemangioma, lymphangioma, neurofibromatosis, etc., and those who are found to have hypothyroidism or amyloidosis should actively treat the primary disease.
7, tongue pain
It is the same as tongue burning and tongue fever, and it is the subjective feeling of tongue. Common in middle-aged or elderly women, or local pain, or burning sensation, or local fever, different in nature and degree, with the most sensitive tip of the tongue. Fatigue, alcohol or irritating food can increase discomfort, and no abnormal findings are found in the oral examination. The disease is mostly related to mental factors, and may also be associated with systemic diseases such as pernicious anemia and niacin deficiency. On the one hand, necessary examinations should be carried out to detect and treat systemic diseases in a timely manner, and at the same time, the patient's concerns should be relieved and the mood should be maintained. Take Chinese medicine treatment if necessary.
8, tongue ulcer
It is characterized by ulceration of the tongue, redness, pain, and even chapped tongue or tongue. It is often secondary to anemia, psoriasis, digestive ulcers and vitamin deficiency. Tongue ulcers have red and dry pain, and patients with glossitis should not eat spicy, fried, sticky and grilled food. Spicy foods such as peppers, green onions, garlic, leeks, allspice, etc., fried foods such as omelettes, pancakes, fritters, oil cakes, etc.; sticky foods such as sugar cakes, rice cakes, alfalfa, etc.; barbecue foods such as roast chicken, roast duck, roast Lamb, smoked fish, smoked rabbit, bacon and so on. These foods can help the fire to generate heat, consume the body fluid, so that the tongue can not be nourished by the body fluid, and it is stimulated by spicy and vigorous, which makes the tongue inflammation worse.
Examine
Examination of glossitis
Histopathology: excessive keratinization of the margin, central degeneration, acute infiltration of polymorphonuclear lymphocytes in the dermis, spongy microabscess formation in the superficial epithelium, polymorphonuclear leukocytes and chronic inflammatory cell infiltration, erythema at the erythema Disappeared, the superficial mucosal epithelium fell off, the spinous layer became thinner, the dermal papilla increased, the dermal blood vessels were congested, and lymphocytes and plasma cells were infiltrated.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of tongue inflammation
diagnosis
According to the clinical manifestations h laboratory tests can be diagnosed.
Differential diagnosis
It should be differentiated from the tongue pain syndrome.
Painful red tongue: symptoms of redness and swelling of the tongue caused by systemic discomfort, such as endocrine, metabolic disorders, vitamin B deficiency.
Tongue pain: Tongue pain refers to a syndrome of burning, burning pain, numbness, and pain in different parts of the tongue, tongue, tongue, tongue or whole tongue.
Mouth sore: oral disease with sore or ulcerated mouth and local pain. Some patients often have recurrent episodes, and even the ulcer does not heal for a long time. More by the heart and spleen heat, exogenous heat evil, or spleen and stomach damp heat, yin deficiency and impotence. In ancient literature, it was also called the mouth broken, mouth sputum, mouth ulcers, which occurred in the tongue. It is equivalent to oral ulcers in Western medicine. Sore is a fire, but there is a difference between real fire and virtual fire, such as due to the lack of tobacco and alcohol, or more fat and sweet taste, leaving stagnation of heat, or the feeling of wind heat, damp heat, into the fire, or Emotional stagnation, long time and fire, mostly real fire; physical yin deficiency, fever, yin, or lack of sleep, long-term fatigue and debilitation.
