menstrual disease
Introduction
Introduction to menstrual disease Menstrual disease, the name of the disease. It refers to the abnormality of menstrual cycle, menstrual period, menstrual flow or abnormal color with menstruation, meridian, non-physiological arrest of menstruation or multiple menstrual cycles, or a type of disease characterized by symptoms before and after menopause. . The main causes of abnormal menstrual cycle are early menstruation, late menstruation, and irregular menstruation. The main cause of menstrual abnormality is prolonged menstruation. The main cause of abnormal menstrual flow is menorrhagia, less menstruation, and menstruation. For a long time, the color is abnormal, the color is light, the color is purple, the water is like yellow mud water, and the menstruation is like biliary water. basic knowledge Proportion of disease: according to different menstrual diseases, the proportion of illness is different Susceptible people: good for adult women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: dysmenorrhea, polycystic ovary syndrome, perimenopausal syndrome, premenstrual syndrome
Cause
Cause of menstrual disease
This is a common gynecological disease. It is characterized by an abnormality in the menstrual cycle or the amount of bleeding, or abdominal pain and systemic symptoms before and during menstruation. The cause may be organic lesions or dysfunction. Hematologic disorders, hypertension, liver disease, endocrine diseases, miscarriage, ectopic pregnancy, hydatidiform mole, reproductive tract infections, tumors (such as ovarian tumors, uterine fibroids) can cause menstrual disorders. Divided into menstruation in advance, menstrual delay, menorrhagia, less menstruation, amenorrhea five categories.
Prevention
Menstrual disease prevention
1, to maintain a happy spirit, to avoid mental stimulation and mood swings, individual in the menstrual period have lower abdominal swelling, backache, breast pain, mild diarrhea, easy fatigue, lethargy, emotional instability, irritability or depression, etc. It is normal and you don't have to be too nervous.
2. Pay attention to hygiene and prevent infection. Pay attention to the hygienic cleaning of the external genitalia. Menstrual period must not be sexual intercourse. Keep warm and avoid cold irritation. Avoid overwork. Those who have more blood volume should not eat brown sugar.
3, the underwear should be soft, cotton, ventilation and ventilation performance is good, should be washed frequently, change the underwear should be placed in the sun to dry.
4, should not eat cold, sour and other irritating foods, drink plenty of water, keep the stool smooth. Blood-heaters should eat more fresh fruits and vegetables before the menstrual period, avoid eating onions, garlic, ginger and other things that stimulate the fire. People with qi and blood deficiency must increase their nutrition, such as milk, eggs, soy milk, pork liver, spinach, pork, chicken, lamb, etc., and eat cold and melon.
Complication
Menstrual disease complications Complications dysmenorrhea polycystic ovary syndrome peri-menopausal syndrome premenstrual syndrome
1 dysmenorrhea During the menstrual period, the lower abdomen is combined with severe pain, which affects work and daily life. Both primary and secondary.
2 premenstrual syndrome. A series of abnormal signs of a few women before menstruation, such as mental stress, emotional instability, lack of concentration, irritability, depression, insomnia, headache, breast pain and so on. Mostly caused by sexual hormone metabolism disorders and mental factors. Treatment should be based on appropriate rest, sedation and diuretics if necessary, and anti-estrogen therapy such as progesterone, androgen, and bromocriptine.
3 polycystic ovary syndrome. unknown reason. It is characterized by menstrual thinning or amenorrhea, infertility. Symptoms such as hairy and obese, double ovarian polycystic enlargement, can be treated with hormone surgery.
4 Menopausal syndrome: refers to a series of physical and mental symptoms caused by fluctuations or reduction of sex hormones in some women before and after menopause, divided into natural menopause and artificial menopause. Such as sexual dysfunction, paroxysmal bleeding.
Symptom
Menstrual disease symptoms Common symptoms Leucorrhea increased abdominal pain Menstrual blood clots excessive female periodic nasal congestion and nasal discharge bloody withdrawal bleeding
Menstrual advance
1. The menstrual period is early, the amount is small, the color is bright red, sticky, and the tongue is red and no moss, the mouth is dry, the pulse is fine, the hands and feet are hot, and the stool is knotted.
2. The menstrual period is advanced, the amount is much, the color is bright red or purple, or there is blood clot, and the tongue is red and yellow, the mouth is bitter and thirsty, the pulse slips, the leucorrhea is more, and the color is yellow.
Delayed menstruation: After menstruation is delayed, the amount of menstruation is less, the color is normal or the blush is blocked, and the discharge is not smooth.
Menorrhagia: Patients with more menstrual flow have more than 80 ml of blood loss per menstrual cycle.
Less menstruation: no obvious organic lesions in the genitals, and abnormal uterine bleeding caused by disorders of the endocrine regulatory system.
amenorrhea
Lactation amenorrhea: Breastfeeding women who are weaned at any time often return to menstruation 2 months after weaning.
Menopausal transition period and postmenopausal amenorrhea: uterine bleeding may occur in the menopausal transition period for several months. After menopause, the genital organs gradually shrink and the uterus shrinks.
Examine
Menstrual disease check
1. B-ultrasound: reflect the uterus, ovary and pelvic conditions.
2. Cytological examination: examination of ovarian function and exclusion of malignant lesions.
3. Biopsy: Determine the nature of the lesion and use it for the diagnosis of the tumor.
4. Endocrine assay: At present, hormones secreted by pituitary gonadotropins, prolactin, ovary, thyroid and adrenal cortex can be measured. Simple methods commonly used in clinical practice to understand ovarian function include vaginal smear, cervical mucus, basal body temperature, and endometrial biopsy.
5. X-ray examination: Uterine lipiodol can be used to understand the condition of the uterus, with or without submucosal fibroids or polyps. The lateral position of the sella can be used to understand the presence or absence of pituitary tumors.
6. Hysteroscopy or laparoscopy: observation of lesions in the uterine cavity and pelvic organs.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of menstrual disease
1. Menstrual scarcity: a menstrual blood volume of less than 10 ml or less to even two layers of paper are not wet, even if the menstrual period is small.
2. Changes in menstrual cycle: multiple menstrual cycles change for more than 7 days.
3. Menorrhagia: It is the number of menstrual bleeding in consecutive menstrual cycles, but the menstrual interval and bleeding time are regular, no inter-menstrual bleeding, bleeding after sexual intercourse, or sudden increase of menstrual blood. It is a type of ovarian dysfunctional uterine bleeding.
