sore throat
Introduction
Introduction to sore throat Sore throat is one of the most common conditions. It occurs mostly during the cold season of the year. Colds, tonsillitis, sinusitis, whooping cough, pharyngitis, and viral infections are usually accompanied by sore throat. Most acute sore throats will automatically disappear within days to weeks; however, if the pain persists or worsens within a few days, you will need to see a doctor. Because, if left untreated, the disease can cause rheumatic fever, harming the heart and kidneys. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 1% Susceptible population: Infants and young people are weak and have low resistance Mode of infection: droplet spread Complications: Infectious mononucleosis
Cause
Cause of sore throat
Any substance that irritates the throat and oral mucosa can cause sore throat. They include: viruses, bacterial infections, allergic reactions, dust, cigarettes, waste gas, hot beverages or food, teeth or gum infections sometimes involving the throat, chronic cough, extremely dry environment, acid reflux and excessive speech. Stimulating the throat and hoarseness are common side effects.
Prevention
Sore throat prevention
1. Maintaining proper temperature and humidity in the room and fresh air is an effective measure to prevent chronic pharyngitis. Dry and super-cooled, over-heated and over-wet in the living room can affect the defensive function of the pharyngeal mucosa, causing dysfunction, abnormal pharyngeal sensation, and chronic pharyngitis. Mouth and brush your teeth in the morning, after meals, and before going to bed to keep your mouth clean. At the same time, prevention and treatment of mouth and nose diseases, elimination of inflammatory lesions, can not be ignored for the prevention and treatment of pharyngitis.
2. For diet and nutrition, it is advisable to use a light and digestible diet, and then assist in some refreshing, soft and juicy food intake. Such as oranges, citrus, pineapple, sugar cane, olives, pears, apples, etc., or drink plenty of water and refreshing drinks, but the drinks should not be too strong. Do not eat tobacco, wine, ginger, pepper, mustard, garlic and all the spicy things.
3. Qigong therapy for pharyngitis, the method is: sit still, put your hands on the two thighs, close your eyes, put your tongue on the sputum, calm your nerves, breathe naturally, keep your throat, store your mouth, wait for the fluid to fill your mouth. Slowly swallow, so for 15-20 minutes, then slowly open your eyes, with one hand thumb and the rest of the four fingers gently rubbing the throat, naturally breathing your hands, after the mouthful of fluid, slowly swallow, so press 5 - 7 minutes. Practice 2-3 times a day, 15-30 minutes each time.
4. Chinese medicine conditioning can improve and prevent pharyngitis.
Complication
Sore throat complication Complications, infectious mononucleosis
Not only due to the spread of inflammation can cause infection of adjacent organs, such as otitis media, sinusitis, larynx, trachea, bronchitis, etc., more importantly, one of the common infections of the human body, with acute nephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, Heart disease, long-term low fever and other diseases are closely related. How to diagnose the disease of tonsillitis, there is still no specific examination method.
Symptom
Symptoms of sore throat Common symptoms Throat itching, sore throat, sore throat
Acute pharyngitis: The main clinical manifestations are dryness of the pharynx, burning sensation and micro-pain, followed by increased pain, increased pain during swallowing, often accompanied by general malaise, aversion to cold, fever, headache and limb pain. During the examination, the pharynx is congested, or there is a thick secretion, the neck lymph nodes are tender, and the white blood cells are increased.
Acute tonsillitis: Symptoms vary in severity, general malaise, aversion to cold, fever, headache, sore limbs, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes. Examination showed pharyngeal congestion, tonsil swelling, or purulent discharge on the surface, neck lymph node tenderness. Sometimes complicated by inflammation or abscess around the tonsils, or complicated by acute rheumatic fever, myocarditis, nephritis and arthritis.
Abscess around the tonsils: Most of the abscesses around the tonsils are secondary to acute tonsillitis, especially in the repeated attempts of chronic tonsillitis. The symptoms are similar to those of acute tonsillitis, but they are more serious. Sore throat is limited to one side, the pain is aggravated when swallowing, and radiates to the ipsilateral ear. After the abscess is formed; the systemic and local symptoms are aggravated, the pharyngeal pain is aggravated, the dysphagia is difficult, the language is ambiguous, the mouth is difficult, and even the teeth are closed. The patient was acutely ill, with head tilted to the affected side, restricted neck activity, enlarged lymph nodes on the affected side, and tenderness.
Acute laryngitis: Acute laryngitis is an acute inflammation of the laryngeal mucosa and is one of the most common respiratory infections. The main symptoms are hoarseness, coughing, difficulty breathing, and sore throat during pronunciation and coughing. Adults have mild systemic symptoms, no fever or low fever.
Whooping cough: often no typical cough, manifested as paroxysmal breath, suffocation, convulsions. Breathing can stop during the exhalation period, and the heart rate increases first, then slows down or even stops. If you do not take artificial respiration, oxygen, etc., you can suffocate and die.
Examine
Check for sore throat
1, blood: viral infection see white blood cell count is normal or low, the proportion of lymphocytes increased, bacterial infection has white blood cell count and neutrophil enlargement and nuclear left shift phenomenon.
2, the determination of virus and virus antigen: as needed, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, serological diagnosis and virus isolation and identification, to determine the type of virus, distinguish between virus and bacterial infection, bacterial culture to determine the type of bacteria And drug sensitivity test.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of sore throat
1, pharyngeal burning pain: viral pharyngitis acute onset of acute, first in the pharynx and oral mucosa, tonsils and mouth and other places where the tip of herpes, round or oval, isolated or clustered together, quickly ruptured Formed shallow ulcers, the surface is covered with a pale yellow pseudomembrane, the surrounding mucosa is bright red, accompanied by chills, fever, pharyngeal burning pain.
2, sore throat: throat is the general name of the throat and throat, except for the pain, mainly caused by inflammation, such as acute and chronic pharyngitis, laryngitis, tonsillitis. Sore throat is the most common symptom of pharyngitis, as well as discomfort such as itchy throat, dry throat, and foreign body pharynx.
3, sore throat: sore throat is a common symptom of the pharynx, mainly caused by pharyngeal disease, but also the adjacent organs of the pharynx or systemic disease in the pharynx.
Diagnosis: Further diagnosis of sore throat
1. Body temperature is 38 ° C or above.
Suffering from two or more of the following symptoms: headache, cough, body aches.
Systemic viral infections such as influenza are most likely. Dispose of yourself: rest in bed and take aspirin or aspirin substitutes to relieve discomfort. If there is no improvement within 48 hours, you should go to the doctor.
2. The neck is swollen or tender.
(1) The site of swelling and tenderness is located between the jaw and the ear.
There may be mumps and you should consult a doctor. Treatment: Your doctor will advise you to rest in bed and take aspirin to relieve discomfort. If the testicles are inflamed, the doctor may prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs.
(2) There is no swelling or tenderness between the jaw and the ear.
There may be pharyngitis or tonsillitis, both caused by a virus or bacterial infection. Dispose of yourself: take aspirin to relieve symptoms and avoid smoking and drinking. If symptoms persist for more than 48 hours, you must go to the doctor.
3. Nasal congestion, fluid mucus, and/or sneezing.
A cold is a viral infection of the nasal passages that can cause sore throat. Treatment: Take measures to treat colds.
4. Have smoked or drank a lot, or stayed in a smoky environment.
Sore throat can cause sore throat. Dispose of yourself: Do not smoke or drink alcohol, avoid irritating the throat.
5. The voice is hoarse or aloud.
Laryngitis (including inflammation and swelling of the vocal cords) can cause hoarseness, hoarseness, or a loss of sound. This inflammation is mostly mild and can be easily resolved at home. However, persistent or recurrent hoarseness or aphasia may imply a more serious cause, so do not hesitate to seek treatment immediately.
