Pediatric viral pneumonia
Introduction
Introduction to viral pneumonia in children Influenza virus pneumonia is mostly caused by a lung infection caused by influenza (hereinafter referred to as influenza) virus, and influenza virus pneumonia is a serious interstitial pneumonia that sometimes invades the central nervous system or circulatory system. Increased left atrial pressure, such as mitral stenosis, but can also occur in normal people, is a direct and serious lung virus infection, this disease is more common in children. Influenza virus pneumonia has general flu symptoms, such as acute onset, accompanied by cough, sore throat, fever, headache, myalgia, discomfort, symptoms continue to progress, high fever, shortness of breath, cyanosis, cough, hemoptysis, sputum Very few, but can carry blood; secondary bacterial infections often occur within 2 weeks of onset, manifested as high fever or symptoms once reduced and then aggravated, sputum turned into purulent, symptoms and signs of bacterial pneumonia. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 10% Susceptible people: children Mode of infection: respiratory transmission Complications: influenza
Cause
Pediatric viral pneumonia
Viral pneumonia is a bronchopneumonia caused by a variety of viral infections. Commonly influenza viruses, followed by parainfluenza, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, rhinovirus, coronavirus and certain enteroviruses, such as Coxsackie, Echovirus, etc., as well as chickenpox, rubella, measles virus, Respiratory syncytial virus.
Prevention
Pediatric viral pneumonia prevention
1, keep the window open every day
To maintain indoor air circulation, open the window twice a day for at least 10 minutes, or use an exhaust fan to keep the air flowing.
2, to ensure adequate sleep
Life is regular, sleep is guaranteed, and children are prevented from staying in smoking houses or drinking houses.
3. Less public places with dense population
Minimize the exposure of children to public places where people gather, to reduce the chance of infection; in smog or windy weather, try to reduce the chances of getting out when you go out or have to go out to reduce the chance of getting sick.
4. Pay attention to health habits
Wipes used paper towels should be disposed of in a timely manner; used towels should be disinfected with boiling water.
5. Reasonable diet
Daily diet pay attention to eating more foods containing vitamins, can improve their own immunity, while keeping warm to prevent colds.
Complication
Pediatric viral pneumonia complications Complications, influenza
Influenza virus pneumonia is mostly caused by a lung infection caused by influenza (hereinafter referred to as influenza) virus, and influenza virus pneumonia is a serious interstitial pneumonia that sometimes invades the central nervous system or circulatory system. Increased left atrial pressure, such as mitral stenosis, but can also occur in normal people, is a direct and serious lung virus infection, this disease is more common in children.
Symptom
Symptoms of viral pneumonia in children Common symptoms Sore throat, cough, high fever, children, headache, muscle pain, purulent hemoptysis
Influenza virus pneumonia has general flu symptoms, such as acute onset, accompanied by cough, sore throat, fever, headache, myalgia, discomfort, symptoms continue to progress, high fever, shortness of breath, cyanosis, cough, hemoptysis, sputum Very few, but can carry blood; secondary bacterial infections often occur within 2 weeks of onset, manifested as high fever or symptoms once reduced and then aggravated, sputum turned into purulent, symptoms and signs of bacterial pneumonia.
Examine
Examination of viral pneumonia in children
1. X-ray chest radiograph, the lungs are net-like shadows, the lung texture is thickened and blurred, and severe diffuse nodular shadows can be seen in the middle and lower parts of the lungs.
2, blood test: white blood cell count is generally normal, but also slightly higher or lower, white blood cell count and neutrophils can increase when secondary bacterial infection.
3, pathogen examination: virus culture is more difficult, it is not easy to carry out routinely, pneumonia patients with sputum smear only found scattered bacteria and a large number of nucleated cells, or can not find pathogenic bacteria, should suspect the possibility of viral pneumonia.
4, serological examination: double serum in the acute phase and recovery phase, complement concentration test, neutralization test or serum inhibition test antibody titer increased by 4 times or more has a diagnostic significance. In recent years, serum-specific IgM antibodies have been used to help early diagnosis. Immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, enzyme labeling method, horseradish peroxidase-anti-horse root peroxidase method, etc., can be used for rapid virus-specific diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of viral pneumonia in children
Signs are not obvious, sometimes you can smell small blisters in the lower part of the lungs.
The white blood cell count is normal, slightly higher or lower, and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate is usually in the normal range. The white blood cells seen by the sputum smear are mostly monocytes, and the sputum culture often has no pathogenic bacteria to grow.
Chest X-ray examination showed increased lung texture, small infiltration or extensive infiltration. Patients with severe disease showed diffuse nodular infiltration of both lungs, but large leaf consolidation and pleural effusion were rare. The pathogens of viral pneumonia are different, and their X-ray signs have different characteristics.
