lower extremity nerve injury
Introduction
Introduction to lower limb nerve injury Femoral nerve injury from the lumbar plexus, along the surface of the iliac muscle, through the inguinal ligament and on the outside of the 3 4 cm femoral artery into the anterior and posterior, to dominate the sartorius muscle, quadriceps, skin branch to the front The part and the saphenous nerve innervate the inner skin of the calf. Femoral nerve injury is rare, and most of them are surgical injuries. The main clinical manifestations after injury are knee extension obstruction caused by quadriceps paralysis and sensory disturbance of anterior and posterior femoral medial. If it is an operation, it should be repaired as soon as possible. The performance after injury depends on the plane of the injury. Posterior hip dislocation, hip knife injury, gluteal muscle contracture injury, and hip muscle injection can cause high-level injury, causing all muscles in the posterior part of the femur and calves and feet to be paralyzed, resulting in knee flexion, ankle joint and The toe motor function is completely lost and the foot is drooping. The posterior lateral and foot sensation of the calf is lost and neurotrophic changes occur in the foot. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.006% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: stress ulcers
Cause
Causes of lower limb nerve injury
The sciatic nerve consists of the phrenic nerve and the common peroneal nerve, which originate from the anterior and posterior femores of the lumbar 4, 5, and iliac 1-3, and are enclosed in a connective tissue sheath. Wear the piriform muscle to the buttocks, descending the gluteus maximus along the midpoint of the greater trochanter and the ischial tuberosity, the posterior part of the femoral arm between the biceps muscle and the semimembranosus, and the tip of the axilla is divided into the sacral nerve And the common peroneal nerve, branching the biceps, semitendinosus and semimembranosus at the posterior part of the femoral branch. The performance after injury depends on the plane of the injury. Posterior hip dislocation, hip knife injury, gluteal muscle contracture injury, and hip muscle injection can cause high-level injury, causing all muscles in the posterior part of the femur and calves and feet to be paralyzed, resulting in knee flexion, ankle joint and The toe motor function is completely lost and the foot is drooping. The posterior lateral and foot sensation of the calf is lost and neurotrophic changes occur in the foot.
Prevention
Prevention of lower limb nerve injury
1. Adjust daily life and workload, and regularly carry out activities and exercise to avoid fatigue.
2. Maintain emotional stability and avoid emotional excitement and tension. 3. Keep the stool smooth, avoid using stools, eat more fruits and high-fiber foods. 4. Avoid cold irritation and keep warm.Complication
Complications of lower limb nerve injury Complications, stress ulcers
The soles of the feet often have ulcers.
Symptom
Symptoms of lower limb nerve injury Common symptoms Lower limb tow gait lower limb weight-bearing disorder Knee joint can not fully extend lower limbs cold limbs when standing up for a long time...
The femoral nerve comes from the lumbar plexus, descending along the surface of the diaphragm, penetrating the inguinal ligament and dividing it into the anterior and posterior 3-4cm femoral arteries. It occupies the sartorius muscle, the quadriceps muscle, the cutaneous branch to the anterior part and the hidden The innervation of the inner skin of the calf. Femoral nerve injury is rare, and most of them are surgical injuries. The main clinical manifestations after injury are knee extension obstruction caused by quadriceps paralysis and sensory disturbance of anterior and posterior femoral medial. If it is an operation, it should be repaired as soon as possible.
The sciatic nerve consists of the phrenic nerve and the common peroneal nerve, which originate from the anterior and posterior femores of the lumbar 4, 5, and iliac 1-3, and are enclosed in a connective tissue sheath. Wear the piriform muscle to the buttocks, descending the gluteus maximus along the midpoint of the greater trochanter and the ischial tuberosity, the posterior part of the femoral arm between the biceps muscle and the semimembranosus, and the tip of the axilla is divided into the sacral nerve And the common peroneal nerve, branching the biceps, semitendinosus and semimembranosus at the posterior part of the femoral branch. The performance after injury depends on the plane of the injury. Posterior hip dislocation, hip knife injury, gluteal muscle contracture injury, and hip muscle injection can cause high-level injury, causing all muscles in the posterior part of the femur and calves and feet to be paralyzed, resulting in knee flexion, ankle joint and The toe motor function is completely lost and the foot is drooping. The posterior lateral and foot sensation of the calf is lost and neurotrophic changes occur in the foot. Because the quadriceps tendon is full, the knee joint is in a straight state, and it walks across the gait. If the middle and lower parts of the femur are damaged, the hamstring muscle is normal and the knee flexion function is preserved. The prognosis of high-level injury is poor, and surgical exploration should be performed as soon as possible, and nerve release and repair surgery should be performed according to the situation.
Examine
Examination of lower limb nerve injury
Because the quadriceps tendon is full, the knee joint is in a straight state, and it walks across the gait. If the middle and lower parts of the femur are damaged, the hamstring muscle is normal and the knee flexion function is preserved. The prognosis of high-level injury is poor, and surgical exploration should be performed as soon as possible, and nerve release and repair surgery should be performed according to the situation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of lower limb nerve injury
Lower limb nerve injury examination project:
Examination of the bone and joint radiographs of the extremities.
Because the quadriceps tendon is full, the knee joint is in a straight state, and it walks across the gait. If the middle and lower parts of the femur are damaged, the hamstring muscle is normal and the knee flexion function is preserved. The prognosis of high-level injury is poor, and surgical exploration should be performed as soon as possible, and nerve release and repair surgery should be performed according to the situation.
