bradycardia
Introduction
Introduction to bradycardia Adults with a heart rate of less than 60 beats per minute are called bradycardia. However, after long-term sports training or heavy physical labor, although the heart rate is only 50 to 60 times per minute, but full of energy, without any discomfort, it is not morbid. If the usual heart rate is 70-80 beats per minute and falls below 40 times, the patient feels guilty, shortness of breath, dizziness and fatigue. In severe cases, he has poor breathing and brain suffocation. Sometimes he has a sense of impact in the front of his heart. Suddenly fainted due to insufficient discharge. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: syncope, angina
Cause
Cause of bradycardia
The most common causes of bradycardia are pathological sinus bradycardia, sinus arrest, sinus block, and atrioventricular block.
Pathological sinus bradycardia (25%):
Pathological sinus bradycardia is characterized by slow heartbeat with discomfort. Most of the causes are sick sinus syndrome, acute myocardial infarction, hypothyroidism, increased intracranial pressure, or the use of drugs that slow heart rate (such as betaloc, verapamil, digitalis, blood equality).
Sinus arrest (30%):
Sinus arrest, sinus block, and atrioventricular block are manifested by long-term cardiac arrest. The causes of this condition are sick sinus syndrome, degeneration of conduction system, congenital atrioventricular conduction tissue, myocarditis, myocardial infarction and so on. It is very dangerous to have a stroke time of more than 3 seconds, which can cause malignant ventricular arrhythmia and lead to sudden death.
For patients with symptomatic bradycardia, especially affecting the patient's quality of life, or heartbeat arrest for more than 3 seconds, or with transient black eyes, syncope should be actively treated.
Prevention
Bradycardia prevention
1. Sinus bradycardia such as heart rate is not less than 50 times per minute, asymptomatic, no treatment.
2. If the heart rate is lower than 40 times per minute, and the symptoms may be increased by heart rate drugs (such as atropine, ephedrine or isoproterenol).
3. Significant sinus bradycardia with sinus arrest and syncope may be considered to install an artificial cardiac pacemaker.
4. Primary disease treatment.
5. Symptomatic and supportive treatment.
6. Pay attention to work and rest in life and do proper physical exercise. The diet should be fully deployed, suitable for people, with five flavors and comprehensive nutrition.
Complication
Bradycardia complications Complications syncope angina
Dizziness, syncope, angina and other complications may occur when the rate of ventricular tachycardia is too slow and there is an organic heart disease.
Symptom
Bradycardia symptoms Common symptoms Bradycardia, fatigue, difficulty breathing, shortness of breath, palpitations, fatigue, pale face, dizziness
Some patients usually have a slow basal heart rate of 50-60 times per minute or even less than 50 times. They usually have dizziness, fatigue, fatigue, and poor mental symptoms. Some patients usually have normal heart rate, and bradycardia can suddenly appear, falling below 40 beats per minute. There may be dizziness, transient black eyes, fatigue, palpitations, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and sometimes a feeling of impact in the precordial area. Can cause syncope. Some patients have symptoms of dizziness, fatigue, and syncope, and long-term cardiac arrest can be found during the examination.
Examine
Bradycardia check
You can do a 24-hour Holter holter check to detect the heart rate and rhythm of the day. To determine if the heart rate is too slow at night, to guide further treatment. Some patients usually have a slow basal heart rate of 50-60 times per minute or even less than 50 times. They usually have dizziness, fatigue, fatigue, and poor mental symptoms. Some patients usually have normal heart rate, and bradycardia can suddenly appear, falling below 40 beats per minute. There may be dizziness, transient black eyes, fatigue, palpitations, chest tightness, shortness of breath, and sometimes a feeling of impact in the precordial area. Can cause syncope. Some patients have symptoms of dizziness, fatigue, and syncope, and long-term cardiac arrest can be found during the examination.
Diagnosis
Bradycardia diagnosis
1. Sinus conduction block sinus conduction block after injection of atropine or exercise, heart rate can be multiplied, and sinus bradycardia gradually accelerates.
2. Fetal bradycardia is seen in paroxysmal sinus bradycardia (enhanced vagal tension), persistent sinus bradycardia (sinus ganglion dysfunction, maternal hypothermia, long QT syndrome), 2 or 3 degree atrioventricular conduction Blocking, in addition, is not common in atrial premature beats.
You can do a 24-hour Holter holter check to detect the heart rate and rhythm of the day. To determine if the heart rate is too slow at night, to guide further treatment.
