skin tumor
Introduction
Introduction to skin tumors Skin tumors are cell proliferative diseases that occur in the skin and are a common disease. There are many new types of organisms that occur in the intradermal or subcutaneous tissues, which are clinically divided into benign tumors and malignant tumors. Malignant tumors can proliferate, cause metastasis, and threaten life, called skin cancer. Skin tumors are benign and malignant. Generally speaking, the benign tumor has a clear boundary, a neat edge, and a smooth surface, which is roughly symmetrical. The histological examination of the tumor cell has the same size and shape, and the arrangement rules can grow very large, but its growth is not destructive, nor A transfer occurred. On the contrary, the realm of malignant tumors is unclear, the edges are not neat, the surface can be ulcerated, hemorrhage, tumor asymmetry, histological examination of tumor cell nuclei is inconsistent in size and shape, irregularly arranged, and the tumor is invasive and destructive. Growing, eventually it will shift. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0004%-0.0005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: basal cell carcinoma
Cause
Skin tumor cause
Most are not clear. There are factors such as congenital and acquired factors, such as sputum (mainly pigmented nevus) is a congenital disease. Skin cancer is a reactive hyperplasia that causes abnormalities in tissue cells due to a combination of multiple intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Among them, external factors include chemical carcinogens, ultraviolet rays, ionizing radiation, and viral infections. Intrinsic factors include genetic factors, immune defects, and the like. Ultraviolet radiation is known to be an important carcinogenic factor in the skin. For example, the incidence of skin cancer in people close to the equatorial region is higher than that in the equatorial region. The melanin cells in the Caucasian epidermis produce less melanin and have a poor protective effect against ultraviolet rays, so the incidence of skin cancer is higher than that of colored people. Preliminary studies have shown that carcinogenic factors such as ultraviolet light first cause DNA damage in the nucleus. Due to defects in the body, the cells cannot repair the damaged DNA, and thus the replication of the mutated DNA occurs. If the body's immune system cannot be repelled in time, Clearing this mutated cell, that is, the body's immune surveillance function is defective, and the cell with the mutated DNA will proliferate and become a clone, eventually leading to tumor formation.
Prevention
Skin tumor prevention
Precaution
1. Develop good habits, stop smoking and limit alcohol. Smoking, the World Health Organization predicts that if people no longer smoke, after 5 years, the world's skin cancer will be reduced by 1/3; secondly, no alcohol. Smoke and alcohol are extremely acidic and acidic substances. People who smoke and drink for a long time can easily lead to acidic body.
2. Don't eat too much salty and spicy food, don't eat food that is overheated, too cold, expired and deteriorated; those who are frail or have certain genetic diseases should eat some anti-cancer foods and high alkali content as appropriate. Alkaline foods maintain a good mental state.
3. Have a good attitude to deal with stress, work and rest, do not fatigue. Visible pressure is an important cause of skin cancer. Chinese medicine believes that stress leads to excessive physical weakness, which leads to decreased immune function, endocrine disorders, metabolic disorders in the body, leading to the deposition of acidic substances in the body. Stress can also lead to mental stress caused by qi stagnation and blood stasis. Fire invagination and so on.
4. Strengthen physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, and exercise more in the sun. Excessive sweating can excrete acidic substances in the body with sweat, avoiding the formation of acidic constitution.
5. People who have regular life and irregular living habits, such as singing karaoke, playing mahjong, and not returning to the night, will have aggravated physical acidification and are prone to skin cancer. Good habits should be developed to maintain a weak alkaline body and to keep various skin cancer diseases away from you.
6. Do not eat contaminated food, such as contaminated water, crops, poultry, eggs, moldy foods, etc., eat some green organic foods, to prevent disease from entering the mouth.
7. Do not over-frequency bathing, the latest research shows that over-frequency bathing can also lead to skin cancer (first skin redness, that is, dermatitis, skin inflammation, skin cancer), this is not alarmist, this is based on facts, experts recommend washing once a day three days The bath is enough, and the strength of the sputum is comfortable. Some dirt on the body will not affect your health and even protect it. This is very helpful in the hot zone.
8. Do not over-explore artificial sunbathing. According to the British Medical Journal, artificial sunbed users are 20% more likely to develop skin cancer than non-users.
Complication
Skin tumor complications Complications basal cell carcinoma
1. Malignant tumors of the skin are low in malignancy, most of which are carcinoma in situ (such as basal cancer tumor cell carcinoma, Bowen's disease) or precancerous pathological changes (such as erythema hyperplasia, keratosis of the skin), which are usually precancerous lesions. It is not easy to relapse and metastasize and metastasis
2, skin malignant tumors develop slowly, basal cancer tumor cell cancer sometimes develops for more than ten years, the first stage of mycosis fungoides will last for 30 years, and the time to develop into the tumor stage is longer, so the tumors of skin tumors die Very few patients.
3, the harm of skin malignant tumors is that the human skin area is relatively large, adults can usually reach 1.5 to 2 square meters, even after the tumor is removed, even if the tumor surgery is removed, the other performance of the body is often small, and even negligence.
Symptom
Symptoms of skin tumors Common symptoms Generalized red plaque cystic plaque skin lumps
Skin tumors are benign and malignant. Generally speaking, the benign tumor has a clear boundary, a neat edge, and a smooth surface, which is roughly symmetrical. The histological examination of the tumor cell has the same size and shape, and the arrangement rules can grow very large, but its growth is not destructive, nor A transfer occurred. On the contrary, the realm of malignant tumors is unclear, the edges are not neat, the surface can be ulcerated, hemorrhage, tumor asymmetry, histological examination of tumor cell nuclei is inconsistent in size and shape, irregularly arranged, and the tumor is invasive and destructive. Growing, eventually it will shift.
Examine
Skin tumor examination
Common examinations include physical examination, blood routine examination, immune function examination, pathological examination, X-ray examination, B-ultrasound examination, CT examination, and radionuclide examination. Physical examination of skin diseases, skin smear microscopy.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of skin tumors
diagnosis
Can be diagnosed according to clinical manifestations and histopathological examination.
1. Local history of minor trauma.
2. The clinical manifestations are intradermal papules or nodules, yellow-brown or reddish, etc., which do not adhere to deep tissues.
3. Histopathological examination is consistent with pathological changes of cutaneous fibroma.
Differential diagnosis
It is differentiated from skin cysts.
