malignant bone tumor
Introduction
Introduction to malignant bone tumor Malignant bone tumors are also known as "bone cancer". In general, malignant bone tumors can be divided into primary bone tumors, secondary bone tumors and metastatic bone tumors. Primary bone tumor refers to a malignant tumor that grows from local tissue. The primary malignant bone tumor is more common in osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and fibrosarcoma. Secondary bone tumor is transformed from benign osteoma. Metastatic bone. Tumors are the result of distant metastasis from other systems to bones. Commonly, there are lung cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, liver cancer, thyroid cancer, cervical cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, kidney cancer and nasopharyngeal cancer. Metastatic bone tumors originate from breast cancer, lung cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer and thyroid cancer. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003%--0.005% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: anemia
Cause
Cause of malignant bone tumor
Central nervous system (40%):
Centrally seen in various causes of medullary lesions, such as medullary sputum, pseudobulbar medulla, posterior inferior cerebellar thrombosis, encephalitis, acoustic neuroma invasion and medulla, medullary cavity.
Peripheral nerve palsy (30%):
Peripheral paralysis is more common with polyneuritis. Others such as infection, jugular foramen syndrome, botulism, myasthenia gravis, dermatomyositis and skull base lesions (trauma, tumor) oppression IV, V, VI Caused by the cranial nerves.
Prevention
Malignant bone tumor prevention
Prevention
1) Strengthen physical exercise, enhance physical fitness, improve resistance to disease, enhance immune function, and prevent viral infection.
2) Reduce and avoid radioactive radiation, especially during adolescent bone development.
3) Avoid trauma, especially in the long bones of adolescent development.
4) Mental conditioning, keep your personality cheerful, feel good, and not angry when you are in trouble.
2. Other notes:
In the later stage, anemia and dyscrasia occur, and it is possible to find metastatic lesions at which it occurs. Among them, lung metastasis is the most common.
Complication
Malignant bone tumor complications Complications anemia
In the later stage, anemia and dyscrasia occur, and it is possible to find metastatic lesions at which it occurs. Among them, lung metastasis is the most common.
Symptom
Malignant bone tumor symptoms Common symptoms Bone pain progressive thinning fever
Pain, fever, and weight loss at night.
Malignant bone tumors show invasive growth and develop rapidly. After destruction of cortical bone, they can spread to surrounding soft tissues. The affected part is fusiform and swollen. The boundary of the mass is unclear, the texture is hard, the local blood vessels are dilated, the skin temperature is elevated, and there may be a pulsation. Or vascular noise. Pain occurs early and progressively worsens. Anemia and dyscrasia occur in the later stage. It can be found in metastatic lesions, of which lung metastasis is the most common.
Examine
Examination of malignant bone tumors
1. Same as benign bone tumors, especially the general symptoms of pain, presence or absence of nocturnal pain, presence or absence of fever, metastatic bone tumors [1] weight loss. At the time of physical examination, attention should be paid to whether the tumor boundary is clear, whether there is an increase in local body temperature, and whether there is superficial venous engorgement.
2. Systemic examination should pay attention to whether the tumor has metastasized, and ECT should be performed if necessary.
3. X-ray examination should pay attention to the extent, extent and boundary of bone destruction, whether there is periosteal reaction, the presence or absence of tumor bone formation and the presence or absence of soft tissue shadow. CT, MRI, and angiography should be performed when necessary.
4. Determination of serum calcium, phosphorus, alkaline or acid phosphatase, urine protein, and the like.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of malignant bone tumor
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Similar to benign bone tumors, especially the general symptoms of pain, presence or absence of nocturnal pain, presence or absence of fever, and metastatic bone tumor weight loss. At the time of physical examination, attention should be paid to whether the tumor boundary is clear, whether there is an increase in local body temperature, and whether there is superficial venous engorgement.
