choroidal defect
Introduction
Introduction to choroidal defects The choroidal defect is actually a defect in the choroid and retinal pigment epithelial layer, which is often part of the congenital tissue defect of the eyeball. It is relatively common in clinical practice. There are two types of choroidal defects, typical and atypical. Typical choroidal defects are mostly binocular, with occasional monocular. The defect area is due to the lack of choroid and retinal pigment epithelium. The extent and morphology of the defect area vary widely. Usually an upright obtuse triangle, a shield or an ellipse. The boundary of the defect area is well defined and often has irregular pigmentation. In the gray-white defect area, the surface is smooth, and sometimes scattered brown spots, indicating that the sclera brown plate remains. Atypical choroidal defects are rare. Mostly monocular, often isolated in any area of the fundus, sclera exposed, mildly depressed, and pigmentation, as in the typical case, it is considered that the macular defect is an atypical choroidal defect. Choroidal defects may be associated with other congenital anomalies in the eye such as small eyeballs, small corneas, and partial iris defects. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cystoid macular edema
Cause
Chronic choroidal defect
It is related to the incomplete closure of the embryo in the early development of the embryonic eye.
Prevention
Choroidal defect prevention
1 Strengthen the monitoring and isolation of livestock, poultry and suspicious animals.
2 Strengthen food hygiene management and education, establish and improve the health quarantine system for meat products.
3 Do not eat raw meat or undercooked meat. Meat should be cooked at 60 °C for at least 15 minutes, or frozen at -20 °C for 24 hours to completely destroy the capsule.
4 Do not eat food that may be contaminated by cat feces.
5 Do not eat raw eggs or unsterilized milk.
6 Fruits and cooked vegetables should be rinsed thoroughly before consumption.
7 Do not drink water that may be contaminated.
8 Pregnant women should not raise cats, avoid contact with cats, cat feces and raw meat, and do not let cats pick up hands, face and utensils.
9 blood collection and blood transfusion should be strictly controlled to avoid the use of blood from seropositive people, and also to avoid the blood of the positive person to the negative.
10 Clean the cat litter every day and remove the oocysts to avoid infective trophozoites.
Complication
Choroidal defect complications Complications cystoid edema
Secondary glaucoma, cystoid macular edema, retinal vascular occlusion, retinal neovascularization, choroidal neovascularization, etc., can cause vision loss.
Symptom
Choroidal defect symptoms Common symptoms Iris defect Macular discoid degeneration Aphakic eye small eyeball
Typical choroidal defects occur in multiple eyes, located under the optic disc, and also include the optic disc. The defect area is characterized by no choroid, through the thin retina to see the white sclera, the edges are neat, with pigmentation, often accompanied by small eyeballs, iris abnormalities, optic nerve abnormalities, lens defects and macular dysplasia. Atypical is more common, mostly monocular, can be located in any part of the fundus, the most visible defects in the macular area, central vision loss, and other similar to the typical.
Examine
Examination of choroidal defects
Eye examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of choroidal defect
diagnosis
It can be diagnosed according to the clinical.
Differential diagnosis
Different from choroidal laceration and choroidal hemorrhage.
