trench fever
Introduction
Introduction to the war The trenchfever, also known as fiveday fever or shin-bonefever, is an acute infectious disease transmitted by the human body of the Rochalimaeaquintana. The clinical features are intermittent heat and severe pain in the head, joints, bones and muscles. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% - 0.008% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of transmission: insect vector transmission complication:
Cause
Tsunami fever
(1) Causes of the disease
The pathogen of the disease is the five-day heat rickettsia, which can grow and proliferate on artificial medium without living cells and outside the human intestinal tract. This pathogen has strong resistance to the outside world, and it is 30 min under 60 °C damp heat. It can still survive, even in dry conditions, the pathogens are contagious for several months in sputum.
(two) pathogenesis
There is a rash lesion, showing non-specific peripheral vascular inflammation, lymphocytes infiltration around small blood vessels and normal intima structure, and no vascular embolism.
Prevention
Tide heat prevention
The population is generally susceptible to the disease, and can develop immunity after the disease, but it can still relapse or re-infection. In winter and spring, there are more cases, and prevention is based on comprehensive measures.
Pay attention to personal hygiene such as diligent dressing, bathing, diligently changing the bedding and shampooing, etc., in order to prevent sputum, prevent yin, should pay attention to morality, clean body.
Complication
Trench fever complications Complication
The main complication of wartime fever is Salmonella infection.
Symptom
War symptoms, common symptoms, bone pain, papules, rash, dizziness, abdominal pain, myalgia
1. The incubation period is 9 to 30 days.
2. Symptoms and signs of onset of rapid onset, fever to 38.5 ~ 40 ° C, severe headache, dizziness, bone and systemic myalgia, especially sacral pain is special, abdominal pain like appendicitis, neck pain such as meningitis, pain can last 2 ~ In 3 days, most patients may have sparse reddish maculopapular rash on the 2nd to 3rd disease days. The multiple sites are in the chest, back and abdomen. After a few days, the body temperature subsides more than the 5th to 7th day. It is also sustainable. In a few weeks, about half of the patients started to have fever for only 1 to 5 days. After 4 to 5 days of no fever, they re-heated. This intermittent repeated episodes can reach 3 to 8 times, and the liver and spleen are mildly enlarged.
In the years of war or disaster, due to the destruction of public health facilities or the deterioration of personal health, coupled with human paralysis, the disease is prevalent, and diagnosis can be made based on epidemiological and clinical findings.
Patients living in areas with severe infestation may consider wartime fever, leptospirosis, typhus, regression fever and malaria must be ruled out. Identification of pathogens can be detected by parasites: 1 week after the patient's blood is drawn, normal body lice can be used. The five-day heat of Bartonella is secreted. In the recovery phase, antibodies can be detected by fluorescence technique or complement binding assay.
Examine
Hot trench check
1, the external Fiji test, should take two or three serum samples (first admission, the second week and recovery period) titration titer is more than 1:160 positive, more than 4 times increase is more diagnostic, The second most commonly used are the complement test and the micro-agglutination test. Others such as IFA, ELISA, solid phase radioimmunoassay (SPRIA), latex agglutination test, indirect hemagglutination test, immunoelectron microscopy, etc. are also helpful for diagnosis, but less clinically applied. Or for research, epidemiological investigations, etc.
2, pathogen separation, the pathogen of warfare can be grown on blood agar-based medium.
Diagnosis
Tsunami diagnosis
Need to identify with typhoid fever, epidemic typhus, regression, meningococcal septicemia, rubella, epidemic typhus typhus, ascariasis.
