Keratosis
Introduction
Introduction to keratosis The cause of keratosis is that the keratinized pores are occluded by horn plugs, which are pore-shaped keratinized papules, and the cause is unknown. Some patients have hypothyroidism or have Cushing's Syndrome. There are also some patients who develop this type of skin disease after injection or taking corticosteroids. Common in patients with atopic tendencies, or hereditary, mostly in the same family. Therefore, when you have not started treatment, you need to do further examination to determine which type of follicular keratosis belongs to. Therapeutic drugs include retinoid creams or gels. AHA, PHA, KogicAcid or adapalene gel. Most of these creams or gels have some undesirable reactions. In the first few weeks of treatment, erythema, burning sensation or peeling may occur, and pregnant women may not use it. Therefore, these drugs can be bought without buying them. It can only be used under the supervision of a doctor. The doctor should also check the skin before he can give the appropriate dose of the drug to get the desired effect. However, follicular keratosis can not be completely eliminated, only to make it not obvious, the disease can not be completely cured, unless it belongs to a certain disease caused by follicular keratosis. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0012% Susceptible people: infants and young children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: white spots on the skin
Cause
Causes of keratosis
Hypothyroidism (26%):
Some patients have hypothyroidism, hypothyroidism (hypothyroidism) is the lack of synthetic secretion of thyroid hormone or lack of or lack of action, or the physiological effects of thyroid hormone is not good, the biological effect is insufficient Syndrome.
Taking corticosteroids (20%):
There are also some patients who develop this type of skin disease after injection or taking corticosteroids. Corticosteroids are steroids produced by the adrenal cortex. Many are hormones such as glucocorticosteroids, salt corticosteroids and sex hormones.
Genetic factors (20%):
Common in patients with atopic tendencies, or hereditary, mostly in the same family.
Prevention
Keratosis prevention
1. Avoid sun exposure, use sunscreen, wear a hat, wear long-sleeved clothes and long pants. Follow the principle of a low-fat diet.
2, pay attention to skin hygiene, strengthen physical exercise, and enhance the skin's resistance.
3, to maintain the integrity of skin function, for skin diseases, timely reasonable treatment, prevention of skin damage, avoid scratching and skin friction and other stimuli.
Complication
Keratosis complications Complications, skin white spots
Skin damage.
Actinic keratosis: 20% can be secondary to squamous cell carcinoma. When the lesion is combined with inflammation, erosion and ulceration, it is a sign of secondary squamous cell carcinoma. Severe skin infections can cause sepsis due to pathogens entering the blood circulation, and even severe liver and kidney function damage, manifested as increased AST, ALT, LDH, BUN, CRE, dialysis treatment is needed if necessary, so attention should be paid to the liver. Detection of renal function to avoid serious complications.
Seborrheic keratosis: can cause complications, ulceration, hemorrhage, scarring and irregular hyperplasia due to repeated frictional stimulation. Because the disease may be accompanied by itching and the integrity of the skin is destroyed, it may cause skin bacterial infection or fungal infection due to scratching, usually secondary to low constitution, or long-term use of immunosuppressants and fungal infections such as onychomycosis. Such as concurrent bacterial infections may have fever, skin swelling, ulceration and purulent secretion and other performance. Severe cases can lead to sepsis, which should be brought to the attention of clinicians.
Symptom
Symptoms of keratosis common symptoms palmar keratosis hyperkeratosis keratinized palm and toe skin...
Keratosis damage mainly occurs in the palm of the hand, which is expressed as:
1 punctate keratosis: like palpebral keratosis, sometimes only rough keratinized points can be touched and not easy to see.
2 Corns-like keratinization type: It is a typical lesion of this disease. It is symmetrically distributed in both sides of the palm of the hand. It is a corneal-like keratinized protrusion with a slightly concave center and often merges into a piece.
3
4 skin angle type.
5 keratinized plaque (mound) rash type: mostly occurs in the trunk, brown, rice to nails, rough surface, the base is skin color or dark red.
6 other rare types are poroke keratosis, senile sputum, mossy, folliculitis-like and telangiectasia, etc., the same patient can have a variety of keratotic lesions.
In addition to keratoderma, skin lesions can be seen in the trunk, limbs, etc., often pigmentation (diffuse brown spots), mixed with pigmentation (white spots), known as arsenic black disease. Especially the confetti-like pigmentation in the umbilicus is a typical evidence of chronic arsenic poisoning. Keratosis can be cancerous, mostly squamous cell carcinoma. Fierg followed up with 262 patients taking arsenic and found that 40.4% had palmar keratinization and 8% had skin cancer, with Bowen's disease being the most. Bowen's disease caused by arsenic may also be associated with visceral tumors. The incidence of Bowen's disease is 6.26 years earlier than that of visceral tumors.
There are various kinds of tissues, mainly including acanthosis hypertrophy, hyperkeratosis type, and reticular type (adenoid type). All types have hyperkeratosis, acanthosis and papillary hyperplasia. It is characterized by a flat undergrowth and a straight line with the normal epidermis on both sides. Proliferating neoplastic tissue consists of squamous cells and basal-like cells.
Initial damage is a flattened lesion with a clear or yellowish or light brown boundary, round, oval or irregular, with a velvety to mildly sinuous surface. The diameter does not exceed 1cm, and then slowly increases, becomes thicker, the number increases, the color becomes darker, brown, even black scorpion papules or plaques, the diameter does not exceed 3cm, the surface often has greasy scales, so it is called seborrheic Keratosis, a lot of damage to the surface visible angle plug. It occurs in the face, back of the hand, chest, back, etc. In addition to the palm of the hand, it is also found in other parts such as limbs. Usually do not subside on their own, benign, and very few malignant.
Examine
Keratosis examination
The cause of keratosis is that the keratinized pores are occluded by horn plugs, which are pore-shaped keratinized papules, and the cause is unknown. Some patients have hypothyroidism or have Cushing's Syndrome. There are also some patients who develop this type of skin disease after injection or taking corticosteroids. Common in patients with atopic tendencies, or hereditary, mostly in the same family.
1. Typical skin lesions appear in the hair-prone area, showing a patch-like appearance.
2. Histopathology: hyperkeratosis and papillary hyperplasia, horn cysts are seen, and the tumor cells are composed of basal cells.
Auxiliary inspection
1. The disease is easy to diagnose, and sometimes it is differentiated from melanoma and pigmented basal cell carcinoma. The examination frame can be selected as "A".
2. The Lesertrelat inspection program may include check boxes "A", "B" and "C".
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of keratosis
Diagnostic criteria
1. Infancy onset, often family history.
2. The damage is limited to the palm of the hand and is symmetrically distributed. The affected area is thick, hard, smooth, shiny, dry and pale yellow. Chests often occur in winter.
3. Generally no subjective symptoms, painful when the cracks are deep.
4. The course of the disease will remain unchanged for life and may be aggravated after trauma.
Differential diagnosis
Identification with keratinized ankles.
