congenital intestinal stricture
Introduction
Introduction to congenital intestinal stenosis Intestinal stenosis is a congenital malformation of the intestine and is one of the common causes of intestinal obstruction in the neonatal period. The site of occurrence is more common in the empty ileum, followed by the duodenum, and the colon is the least common. The degree of vomiting in children with intestinal stenosis and the degree of bloating, depending on the degree of stenosis, may be manifested as chronic incomplete intestinal obstruction. Severe stenosis is similar to congenital intestinal atresia. After the diagnosis of intestinal stenosis, the disorder of water and electrolytes and the imbalance of acid-base balance should be corrected; the effect of intestinal stenosis to remove the narrow segment of the intestine is good. basic knowledge The proportion of the disease: the incidence rate of infants and young children is about 0.001% - 0.004% Susceptible population: newborn Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: nausea and vomiting
Cause
Causes of congenital intestinal stenosis
It is generally believed to be due to the developmental disorder of the intestinal lumen during the embryonic period; it is also believed to be due to the normal circulation of the fetal intestinal blood circulation disorder. Intestinal stenosis is more common with membrane stenosis, and a lesser degree is only a narrow ring. Short segmental stenosis is rare.
Prevention
Congenital intestinal stenosis prevention
1. The pre-marital medical examination plays a positive role in preventing birth defects. The size depends on the examination items and contents, including serological examination (such as hepatitis B virus, treponema pallidum, HIV) and reproductive system examination (such as screening for cervical inflammation). General medical examinations (such as blood pressure, electrocardiogram) and asking about the family history of the disease, personal medical history, etc., do a good job in genetic disease counseling.
2. Pregnant women should avoid harmful factors as far as possible, including away from smoke, ethanol, drugs, radiation, pesticides, noise, volatile harmful gases, toxic and harmful heavy metals. In the process of antenatal care during pregnancy, systematic screening of birth defects is required, including regular ultrasound examinations, serological screening, etc., and if necessary, chromosomal examinations are required to take practical measures.
Complication
Congenital intestinal stenosis complications Complications, nausea and vomiting
Often complicated by other malformations. Most patients have a satisfactory prognosis. After a short period of recovery, they can enter the milk normally, gain weight, and grow up to the normal level.
A small number of patients may have surgical anastomotic stenosis, and there are still different degrees of vomiting after surgery. The weight does not increase or even decrease. The symptoms persist for a long period of time. Chronic dehydration and electrolyte imbalance may occur, which may seriously affect the growth and development. The original anastomosis resection and anastomosis is performed. In actual clinical work, multiple operations and multiple anastomoses are not uncommon.
Symptom
Congenital intestinal stenosis symptoms common symptoms intestinal stenosis diarrhea duodenal stenosis vomiting
The degree of vomiting in children with intestinal stenosis and the degree of bloating, depending on the degree of stenosis, may be manifested as chronic incomplete intestinal obstruction. Severe stenosis is similar to congenital intestinal atresia.
Examine
Examination of congenital intestinal stenosis
Auxiliary inspection
1. Abdominal x-ray standing plain film: routine examination can initially determine the location of the atresia, the severity of the lesion and the possible prognosis.
2. Gastrointestinal angiography: The means of screening for possible radiation damage are still widely used in small and medium-sized cities and non-specialized hospitals with relatively low medical standards. Contrast examination can clearly diagnose the location of the lesion, which is of great significance for the relevant differential diagnosis and should be used if necessary.
3. Abdominal ultrasonography: Ultrasound examination has developed rapidly in recent years, and has partially or completely replaced the traditional diagnostic functions of large-scale auxiliary instruments such as contrast and tomography. The ultrasonic examination method is simple, the equipment requirements are low, the objectivity is strong, and it is harmless to the body. However, ultrasound doctors should have extensive clinical experience and certain surgical anatomy expertise, which can be done by non-specialist hospitals and ultra-specialized ultrasound doctors.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of congenital intestinal stenosis
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Intestinal stenosis can be checked by barium meal and its stenosis is determined. Typical symptoms are similar to other diseases of congenital intestinal atresia, which should be differentiated from functional bloating and vomiting. In addition, bloating and vomiting caused by some genetic metabolic diseases also need attention. Common congenital total colonic megacolon, congenital intestinal stenosis and other causes of complete, mechanical intestinal obstruction and other diseases can also cause similar clinical manifestations of this disease, need to be identified.
