Streptococcus intermedius infection
Introduction
Introduction to intermediate streptococcal infection Intermediate Streptococcus is a group of Streptococcus (Str. intermedius group), including three strains, Str. intermedius, Str. contellatus, and Str. anginosus. Intermediate Streptococcus is 93% non--hemolytic, 38% of Streptococcus mutans and 12% of Streptococcus hemococcus are -hemolytic. This group of bacteria mainly exists in the human mouth, which can be separated from the gingival sulcus, plaque, root canal, and also in the larynx and nasopharynx, and still colonize the gastrointestinal tract. This group of bacteria can cause gingival abscesses, and can lead to sepsis and endocarditis. It is worth noting that this group of streptococci can still cause brain abscess and often coexist with anaerobic bacteria. Peritonitis, liver abscess, and pelvic abscess can also be found. Inhalation of bacteria in the intermediate streptococcus group in the oropharynx can cause aspiration pneumonia, and can be complicated by lung abscess and empyema. Cases of mediastinal inflammation have also been reported. Others can cause osteomyelitis, sinusitis, subcutaneous abscess, cellulitis and so on. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.04% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: bacterial infection Complications: brain abscess peritonitis liver abscess pelvic abscess lung abscess cellulitis
Cause
The cause of intermediate streptococcal infection
This group of bacteria mainly exists in the human mouth, which can be separated from the gingival sulcus, plaque, root canal, and also in the larynx and nasopharynx, and still colonize the gastrointestinal tract. Infection is caused by the reduction of the body's defense ability, the occurrence of allergies, and the number of infected bacteria. The resistance of bacteria to nature, especially the toxins and enzymes produced by them, is more closely related.
Prevention
Intermediate Streptococcus infection prevention
A highly effective pneumococcal vaccine can be used in people over 2 years of age. This vaccine can fight the most common pneumococcal strains and reduce the chance of pneumococcal pneumonia and bacteremia by 80%, and the mortality rate is reduced by 40%. , vaccine recommended for elderly and patients with chronic heart and lung disease, diabetes, Hodgkin's disease, human immunodeficiency virus infection or metabolic disorders, for children with sickle cell disease and those who have no function to remove the spleen or spleen Also helpful.
Complication
Intermediate streptococcal infection complications Complications Brain abscess Peritonitis Liver abscess Pelvic abscess Lung abscess Cellulitis
Streptococcus can cause brain abscess, and often with anaerobic bacteria, peritonitis, liver abscess, pelvic abscess can also be found, the presence of intermediate streptococci bacteria in the oropharynx can cause aspiration pneumonia, and can be concurrent Lung abscess and empyema, cases of mediastinal inflammation have also been reported, others can cause cellulitis.
Symptom
Symptoms of intermediate streptococcal infections Common symptoms Infectious fever Microinflammation state abscess
Mainly based on the prevalence of streptococcal infection and patient contact history and characteristic clinical manifestations. Some can only be diagnosed according to their clinical manifestations, such as erysipelas, and some need to be cultured in the secretions and blood of the infected part to confirm the diagnosis, and detect the bacterial toxins and enzymes and other antigenic substances to cause related antibodies, such as anti-chain Serological tests such as colistin O and anti-chain enzymes are helpful for diagnosis.
Examine
Examination of intermediate streptococcal infection
In order to diagnose streptococcal pharyngitis, a swab is used to scrape the specimen on the back of the pharynx for culture. The specimen is then placed in a Petri dish for overnight growth. In contrast, group A streptococci can be determined by a special rapid test. Results within a few hours, if the rapid test results are positive, there is no need for slower overnight culture. Since both methods can detect streptococci in people who do not need treatment, it is necessary to have further examination by a doctor. .
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and identification of intermediate streptococcal infection
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Mainly identified with other types of streptococcal infections:
Group A streptococci have the strongest human toxicity to their natural hosts. This group of streptococci can cause streptococcal pharyngitis (phage infection in the pharynx), tonsillitis, wound and skin infections, blood infections (sepsis), scarlet fever, pneumonia , rheumatic fever, chorea (see section 67) and inflammation of the kidneys (glomerulonephritis).
Group B Streptococcus often causes dangerous infections in the newborn (neonatal sepsis) and joint infections (septic arthritis), as well as heart infections (endocarditis).
Group C and Group G Streptococcus are often carried by animals, but can also grow in the human throat, intestines, vagina and skin. This group of streptococci can cause streptococcal pharyngitis, pneumonia, skin infections, wound infections, postpartum and newborn Severe infections such as sepsis, endocarditis and septic arthritis can cause inflammation of the kidneys after infection by one of the group of streptococci.
Group D Streptococcus and Enterococcus grow normally in the lower digestive tract, around the vagina and around the skin, but they can also cause infections in the heart valves, bladder, abdomen and bloodstream.
