Ankle Sprain
Introduction
Introduction to ankle sprain The ligament of the ankle sprain is loose or partially torn; the severe one is completely broken, and the ankle is subluxated, or the fracture is dislocated. After the ankle sprain, the patient has pain and swelling in the front lower or lower, and may have ecchymoses in the acute phase. At this time, the action of doing the inversion of the foot will aggravate the pain, and the pain when the foot is everted may be dispensable. When walking down the steps, or walking on uneven roads, the ankle joint is in a plantar position. When subjected to medial or valgus violence, the ligament of the ankle is pulled and the ligament is partially damaged or completely broken, which may also cause the ligament to be elongated. , avulsion fracture, subluxation of the ankle or infraorbital joint, total dislocation. If the acute ligament injury is not well repaired, the ligament is loose and prone to recurrent injury, resulting in chronic instability of the ankle joint. Acute injury should be applied immediately to reduce local bleeding and swelling. After 48 hours and local physiotherapy, promote tissue healing, partial ligament injury or relaxation, 90 degrees of dorsiflexion of the ankle, extreme varus (when medial collateral ligament injury) or valgus (lateral collateral ligament injury) boots The cast gypsum is fixed, or fixed with a wide band of adhesive tape and bandage for 2-3 weeks. The ligament is completely broken and the ankle joint is unstable, or there is a small avulsion fracture piece. It can also be fixed by shoe-shaped plaster for 4-6 weeks. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0033% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: swelling, fracture
Cause
Cause of ankle sprain
Cause:
When walking down the steps, or walking on uneven roads, the ankle joint is in a plantar position. When subjected to medial or valgus violence, the ligament of the ankle is pulled and the ligament is partially damaged or completely broken, which may also cause the ligament to be elongated. , avulsion fracture, subluxation of the ankle or infraorbital joint, total dislocation. If the acute ligament injury is not well repaired, the ligament is loose and prone to recurrent injury, resulting in chronic instability of the ankle joint.
Prevention
Ankle sprain prevention
Adequate preparation activities before exercise, select high-top shoes with soft soles, elastic bandages or semi-rigid braces during exercise. Properly reduce the amount of exercise. Warming up before exercise allows the body to be fully prepared for exercise because it regulates the various systems within the body. Do not jump from a height, in case the foot is suddenly damaged by varus violence. In addition, after the basic warm-up exercise, you can do super-equal exercise training, such as jumping, vacating, elastic jumping, etc., which is conducive to the physical state of the movement, helping the body, joints, tendons and ligaments to prepare for exercise. . Usually pay attention to the training of muscle strength and proprioception around the ankle joint. Have a good pair of sneakers, because good sneakers can increase the stability of the bare joints, provide sufficient cushioning force, ensure that the ankles have good mechanical support during exercise, and reduce the occurrence of injuries. Therefore, I hope that everyone can do this well, calmly deal with the ankle sprain, and deal with it calmly.
Complication
Ankle sprain complication Complications, swelling, fracture
If the disease is improperly treated in the early stage, the ligament is excessively loose, which may cause instability of the ankle joint, easy to cause repeated sprains, even joint cartilage damage, and traumatic arthritis, which seriously affects the walking function. The sequelae caused by improper prevention and treatment of ankle sprains are as follows:
1. Insufficient muscle strength and decreased exercise capacity.
2. The active area of the ankle joint is lowered.
3, long-term pain and swelling of the foot and ankle.
4, the ankle joint is unstable, walking is not stable, prone to habitual ankle injury.
Symptom
Ankle sprain symptoms Common symptoms Ankle swelling, ankle and back edema, underarm area, pain, swelling, subcutaneous hematoma
Pain, swelling, subcutaneous ecchymosis, and active ankle pain were aggravated after sprained ankle. Examination can be found that there is a localized tenderness point in the wound, and the ankle joint is flexed and the pain is aggravated when the foot is turned or valgus.
Examine
Ankle sprain
Pain, swelling, subcutaneous ecchymosis, and active ankle pain were aggravated after sprained ankle. Examination can be found that there is a localized tenderness point in the wound, the ankle joint flexion position pressure, the pain in the foot varus or valgus is aggravated, that is, the ligament injury should be diagnosed, and the ligament partial damage, relaxation or complete fracture diagnosis Sometimes it is difficult. In the extreme case of compression, the anterior position of the ankle joint X-ray film can be found, the lateral joint space can be significantly widened, or the lateral detachment of the talus is found on the lateral position, mostly the lateral collateral ligament is completely damaged. The ankle joint was found in the positive and lateral ankle.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of ankle sprain
diagnosis
A preliminary diagnosis can be made based on the history of trauma and signs and symptoms.
Differential diagnosis
But to identify the severity, and then make a correct diagnosis. Generally speaking, if you are active, it is painful, but it is not severe. Most of them are soft tissue injuries and can be healed by yourself. If you have enough pain when you are active, you can't stand and move, hurt on the bones, have a sound when you have a sprain, and quickly swell after injury. It is a manifestation of a fracture and should be treated immediately at the hospital.
