throat burns
Introduction
Introduction to laryngeal burns Individual laryngeal burns and burns are rare, often combined with head and face burns and burns. Individual laryngeal burns and burns are rare, often combined with head and face burns and burns. The main symptoms after injury are oral cavity, sore throat, swallowing pain, difficulty in swallowing, drooling, etc. Followed by high fever, runny nose, cough, dysphonia, wheezing or difficulty breathing. Chemical injury can cause death due to the toxicity of the compound, such as drowsiness, loss of water, high fever, shock, and the like. In children with difficulty in sucking and irritability. In addition, there may be symptoms of lack of energy, drowsiness, poor appetite, increased body temperature, and varying degrees of poisoning. Difficulty breathing is caused by laryngeal edema and retention of throat secretions, blockage of the respiratory tract, and death from throat burns. Most of the dyspnea is seen in the 5 to 10 hours after the injury. During this period, close observation should be made. If there is no dyspnea after 24 hours, it can be considered as a dangerous period of difficulty in breathing. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.05%-0.08% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bronchial pneumonia pulmonary edema
Cause
Cause of laryngeal burn injury
1. Injecting or inhaling hot and hot vapor into the pharynx, throat and respiratory tract.
2, accidentally swallowed or inhaled strong acid, strong alkali or phenolic chemical etchants.
3. In case of fire, inhale smoke and irritant irritants.
4, suffering from war with mustard gas, chlorine and other poisons.
Prevention
Laryngeal burn prevention
1. Stay away from the source of injury.
2. Always wear clothes to pay attention to.
3. In the early stage of laryngeal burns and burns, the corresponding neutralizing liquid can be used. Respiratory anti-shock treatment is needed for patients with extensive burns. Keep the airway open. Apply antibiotics, tetanus antitoxin. Ensure the supplement of nutrition, water, electrolytes and vitamins. Different types of laryngeal burns and burns are treated differently.
Complication
Laryngeal burn wound complications Complications, bronchopneumonia, pulmonary edema
Those who accidentally swallow corrosive agents can cause throat and tracheal esophageal fistula. If the burn area is too large, it can cause severe obstructive atelectasis, bronchial pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Progressive coma can occur.
Symptom
Laryngeal burns symptoms common symptoms sore throat dyspnea hoarseness
Clinically, according to the degree of laryngeal and lower respiratory tract injury, laryngeal burns and burns are divided into three types: light, medium and heavy, in order to facilitate the judgment of injury and guide treatment.
1, light hoarseness, sore throat, increased saliva and coughing. Mucosal congestion, swelling or whitish, blisters, ulcers and pseudomembranes.
2, more severe In addition to the above symptoms, the laryngeal mucosa has edema and erosion, inhalation dyspnea or asphyxia, often accompanied by lower respiratory tract mucosal burns. In the future, the throat can be left narrow.
3, in addition to the above-mentioned performance of laryngeal burning, due to edema, erosion and ulceration of the lower respiratory tract mucosa, and even necrosis, patients with shortness of breath, severe cough, and pneumonia. Cough bleeding purulent sputum and necrotic detachment of the tracheal mucosa. Those who accidentally swallow corrosive agents can cause throat and tracheal esophageal fistula. If the burn area is too large, it can cause severe obstructive atelectasis, bronchial pneumonia, and pulmonary edema. Progressive coma can occur.
Examine
Laryngeal burn injury check
Laryngoscopy.
Ingestion of boiling water or chemical corrosive agents can cause damage to the oral mucosa and pharyngeal mucosa, and severe cases of severe systemic poisoning. Burns are more common in young children. Commonly used corrosive agents are strong acids, strong bases, toluene, carbolic acid, and the like. If a etchant enters the esophagus, an esophageal burn will occur at the same time.
Throat burns can be divided into thermal burns and chemical burns. Most of the pharyngeal burns occur in children, mostly for the care of children, accidentally drinking boiling water or eating hot food. Adults are more likely to be injured by fire, high heat vapor or other high temperature liquids. Therefore, it is often accompanied by severe burns on the head, face and neck. Chemical burns are often caused by accidental exposure to caustic chemicals such as strong acids, strong alkalis, heavy metal salts, ammonia, etc., and often burns of the mouth and esophagus. After the mucous membrane is exposed to the alkaline corrosive agent, the fat is saponified, the protein is dissolved, and the tissue is liquefied and necrotic, and the lesion has strong penetrability and is easy to develop into the deep layer. After the mucous membrane is exposed to the acidic corrosive agent, the pathological changes are mainly water absorption, protein coagulation, local tissue showing coagulative necrosis, penetrating power is weak, and high concentration can also cause serious damage.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of laryngeal burn injury
Combined with the medical history, the diagnosis can be confirmed without identification with other diseases.
Diagnosis of laryngeal burns and burns:
1. There are head and face burns, chemical etchants such as strong acid and alkali, and inhalation of hot liquid, steam or poisonous gas.
2. Check the skin and mucous membranes around the nose and mouth for burns, nasal hair burnt and clinical manifestations of light, medium and heavy.
3. Early bronchoscopy to determine the presence or absence of inhalation injury in the airway and the extent and depth of the injury.
