ear trauma
Introduction
Introduction to ear trauma Ear trauma is caused by exposure of the auricle to both sides of the skull and easy to be traumatized. Common auricle injuries include contusions, cuts, bites, lacerations, frostbite and burns. Common causes of tympanic membrane trauma are earing (matchsticks, hairpins, and needles) and sudden changes in external auditory canal pressure (such as cannoning, high diving, slap, etc.). The fracture of the tibia is caused by a car accident, falling, hitting the occipital occipital or war wounds. After the contusion of the auricle, cold compresses within 24 hours. When the hematoma is large, the blood should be puncture under strict disinfection and partially pressurized and bandaged. The laceration should be early debridement and suture. Frostbite should protect the auricle, gradually rewarming, and rebuild the blood circulation. The principle of treatment of burns is to control infection, prevent adhesions, and minimize deformities after healing. Infection of the ear injury, such as the increase or decrease of bacteria, the anti-infective treatment should be combined. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 0.01% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: deafness
Cause
Cause of ear injury
Cause:
Ear trauma is caused by exposure of the auricle to both sides of the skull and easy to be traumatized. Common causes of tympanic membrane trauma are earing (matchsticks, hairpins, and needles) and sudden changes in external auditory canal pressure (such as cannoning, high diving, slap, etc.). The fracture of the tibia is caused by a car accident, falling, hitting the occipital occipital or war wounds.
Prevention
Ear injury prevention
1. Strengthen health education and ban the sharps such as matchsticks and hairpins.
2, when taking foreign bodies or sputum in the external auditory canal, be careful and appropriate to avoid injury to the tympanic membrane.
3, auricle laceration is easy to be infected, and the blood supply to the auricle is poor, difficult to heal after infection, often leading to cartilage necrosis, auricle deformation. Therefore, it should be strictly debrided after injury, and do not pass through the cartilage when suturing, so as to avoid cartilage infection and necrosis. Tympanic membrane injury Do not use ear drops to drop the ear, otherwise it is easy to bring the external ear canal bacteria into the middle ear to cause otitis media. The humerus fracture should first pay attention to the presence or absence of brain injury that threatens the patient's life.
Complication
Ear trauma complications Complications
Will be combined with external ear canal fracture infection, can occur severe deafness.
Symptom
Symptoms of ear trauma Common symptoms Ear frostbite eardrum perforation auricle abrasion ear flow purulent ear canal scratch ear bleeding ear canal ear canal tear ear mass
1. Ear trauma includes contusion, cut injury, laceration, firearm injury, blast injury, burns and frostbite.
2. Auricle contusion has subcutaneous blood stasis, hematoma, tearing of the skin, tearing of the cartilage, partial or complete cutting. Early wound bleeding, local pain. Acute suppurative perichondrium appears after infection.
3. The skin of the external auditory canal is swollen, torn, hemorrhagic, and the cartilage or bone fracture can cause the external auditory canal to be narrow.
4. Middle ear trauma has bleeding, deafness, tinnitus, earache, occasional dizziness. The tympanic membrane is irregularly perforated, and there are bloodstains on the perforated edge. Sometimes, the ossicle is damaged and dislocated.
5. Internal ear trauma, light loss of convulsions and convulsions, mainly manifested as sensorine deafness, tinnitus, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, nystagmus and balance disorders. Severe cases with bone fractures, manifested as intra-hemorrhage, such as the tympanic membrane is not worn, the tympanic membrane in the tympanic membrane blue, tympanic membrane rupture cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea, out of red blood, or clear liquid. Sometimes the merger is flawed.
6. Ear trauma often combined with craniocerebral trauma, maxillofacial trauma and so on. Should pay attention to consciousness, breathing, heartbeat, pulse, blood pressure, pupil, other nervous system and craniofacial injuries, general conditions.
Examine
Ear injury examination
In addition to the "A" examination of ear trauma, audiological examination should be done as much as possible, and CT fractures should be performed for fractures of the tibia.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of ear trauma
1. Have a history of trauma.
2. According to symptoms and signs. Should pay attention to the presence or absence of combined injuries, such as humeral fractures, skull base fractures and cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea.
3. Halo or hearing loss after injury.
