phobia in children
Introduction
Introduction to Children's Phobia Child phobia refers to children's excessive fear of general objective things or situations in their daily lives. Although recent research focuses on social phobias, no matter which type of phobia is involved in the way of parenting. For example, excessively strict and dogmatic education will make people's psychological growth process single, making their social understanding and adaptability relatively low, making it difficult to make correct judgments on objective things; excessively rough or oppressive environment will also make people The normal psychological development is distorted, and there are misjudgments or misjudgments to external things. Western medicine treatment of phobia is mainly the use of anti-anxiety agents, intended to eliminate the anxiety and anxiety of patients. Commonly used drugs are alprazolam, estazolam, nitrodiazepine, clonazepam and the like. For social phobia, the current curative effect is phenethyl hydrazine and tranylcypromine and moclobemide. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 3% Susceptible people: children Mode of infection: non-infectious complication:
Cause
Cause of childhood phobia
a, parenting style: Although recent research focuses on social phobia, no matter which type of phobia is related to the way of parenting during psychological growth. For example, excessively strict and dogmatic education will make people's psychological growth process single, making their social understanding and adaptability relatively low, making it difficult to make correct judgments on objective things; excessively rough or oppressive environment will also make people The normal psychological development is distorted, and there are misjudgments or misjudgments to external things.
b. Genetic and personality factors: This disease is related to human personality traits. For example, those who are timid and ashamed before the age of 3 are often more prone to social phobia after adulthood. The role of genetic factors in phobia is also receiving increasing attention.
c. Biological factors: It has been inferred that patients with phobia may have the possibility of hypersensitivity to postsynaptic 5-HT receptors.
Prevention
Child phobia prevention
First, don't love children. Child psychologists believe that love is the most harmful to children's psychological development. Parents who love their children often overprotect their children. When they see a child with a little fear, they immediately take the child away from the object of fear and make the child lose many opportunities to exercise bravery. If you continue to do so, it will be no good to shape your child's strong personality. Most of the children who are loved are timid, dependent, and lack of self-confidence, so that the incidence of fear will be higher.
Second, it is not appropriate for children to be capricious. Some parents say that children should be like this for a while, and then ask the children to do the same. The children are at a loss, do not know how to be good, do criticisms of doing wrong, and form a psychological fear of behavior. Therefore, the education of the child should be standardized, the requirements should be consistent before and after, and the requirements of both parents should be the same.
Complication
Child phobia complications Complication
In view of the fact that depression is often accompanied by phobia, patients with all phobias should be carefully examined for the possibility of depression.
Symptom
Child phobia symptoms common symptoms social fear anxiety
It occurs mostly in preschool children, where the patient is overly afraid of certain things and situations, but in reality these things and situations are not dangerous, or although there is a certain risk, the fear expressed by the patient greatly exceeds the objective danger. degree. There are two main categories of fear objects: 1. Fear of physical damage. 2. Fear natural objects or events.
Examine
Child phobia check
There is no specific laboratory test index for this disease.
Nervous system examination to exclude neurological and organ organic lesions. For patients with a tendency to depression, the ZUNG Depression Scale should be scored.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of childhood phobia
diagnosis
The diagnostic criteria for CCMD-3 on phobia are as follows:
1, in line with the diagnostic criteria of neurosis.
2, with fear symptoms as the main clinical phase, in line with the following: 1 There is a strong fear of certain objects or situations, the degree of fear is not commensurate with the actual risk; 2 there are anxiety and autonomic symptoms at the time of attack. 3 There are repeated or continuous avoidance behaviors; 4 know that fear is excessive or unnecessary, but cannot be controlled.
3. Avoidance of fear scenarios and things must be or have been prominent symptoms.
4. Exclusion of anxiety, suspected illness and schizophrenia.
Differential diagnosis
1. The fear of normal people
Normal people also have fears, snakes, beasts, dark and silent environments for certain things or occasions. The key is to consider the rationality of this fear, the frequency of occurrence, the degree of fear, whether it is accompanied by autonomic symptoms, whether it affects social function significantly, whether there is avoidance behavior, etc.
2, identification with other types of neurosis
Both phobia and anxiety are characterized by anxiety, but the anxiety of phobia is caused by a specific subject or situation. It is a situational and paroxysmal, and anxiety disorders often have no obvious objects and often persist. The compulsive fear of obsessive-compulsive disorder stems from some thoughts or concepts in the heart, fearing that it loses self-control and is not afraid of external things. Patients with suspected illness may show fear of disease due to excessive attention to their own condition, but such patients have the following characteristics to be differentiated from phobia: they think their suspicions and concerns are reasonable; what they fear is their own physical condition. Not the outside object or situation; fear is usually lighter.
3, temporal lobe epilepsy
It can be expressed as paroxysmal fear, but its fear has no specific target, and the disturbance of consciousness, EEG changes and signs of nervous system can be identified at the time of attack.
