Knee valgus
Introduction
Introduction to knee valgus Knee valgus is a more common lower limb deformity, mainly due to knee deformity caused by rickets or osteomalacia (due to lack of vitamin D). Other causes include spinal anterior polio, osteophyte injury, osteomyelitis, or other conditions that cause dysplasia of the femur or tibia. When the lower limbs are straight, the femur and the tibia form an outward angle, and the two knees are close together, and the distance between the two legs is increased, similar to the "X" shape, which is called knee valgus, commonly known as the X-shaped leg. When the lower limbs are naturally straight or standing, the two knees can touch each other, and the two internal heels are separated and cannot be close together as the main performance. X-leg correction methods include: surgery, splinting, leggings, exercise, orthopedic insoles. For children with rickets, they must receive formal and systematic treatment for rickets, and pay attention to children not to learn to walk too early. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: knee osteoarthritis
Cause
Cause of knee valgus
There are three main causes of X-shaped legs, one is rickets in children, one is congenital inheritance, and a small part is due to sequelae caused by cartilage developmental disorders, trauma, fractures, etc. This deformity of the leg not only affects shape and bodybuilding, but also has a great influence on human health. Knee valgus or varus destroys the distribution of the normal force of the knee joint, and the stress on one side of the joint increases. The side is relatively reduced, and the friction between the tibia and the femur is increased due to changes in the lower limb force line. Such a long time will also cause pain in the knee joint walking, joint activity is also affected, and it is easy to cause osteoarthritis of the knee. Correcting this leg shape can not only improve the body shape of the body but also improve the knee joint stress. Balanced state.
Rickets (35%):
Vitamin D deficiency rickets, also known as osteomalacia, is insufficient bone mineralization, is a newly formed bone matrix calcification disorder, and is a disease characterized by vitamin D deficiency leading to disorder of calcium and phosphorus metabolism and clinical calcification of bones. Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for maintaining the life of higher animals. It is one of the most important biological regulators of calcium metabolism. The rickets caused by insufficient vitamin D is a chronic nutritional deficiency disease with slow onset and affecting growth and development. Most occur in children from 3 months to 2 years old.
Cartilage hypoplasia (20%):
Cartilage hypoplasia is also called fetal cartilage dystrophy, cartilage dystrophic gnome and so on. It is a congenital dysplasia due to defects in endochondral ossification, which mainly affects long bones. The clinical manifestation is a special type of dwarf-short limb dwarf. Intelligence and physical strength are well developed.
Genetic (15%):
Generally speaking, there is similarity between traits between parents and children, indicating that traits can be passed from parents to offspring. This phenomenon is called inheritance.
Prevention
Knee valgus prevention
Develop a good habit of wearing shoes, correct sleeping position and sitting posture. Parents find that the child's arch has collapsed or walks when there is an internal eight or outer eight phenomenon, which should be paid attention to and corrected in time.
Complication
Knee valgus complications Complications knee osteoarthritis
In normal knee joints, the pressure is evenly distributed across the articular surface. The X-legged person, due to the knee valgus, the body weight is too concentrated on the lateral joint surface of the knee joint, while the lower limb line is poor, the friction between the tibia and the femur is increased, which easily leads to softening of the tibia. Excessive pressure and friction can cause the cartilage surface of the knee joint to wear, the tibial plateau collapse, and secondary osteoarthritis. When you are older, you will easily develop joint pain and affect normal walking activities.
Symptom
Knee valgus symptoms common symptoms X-leg knee joint pain joint pain
When the lower limbs are naturally straight or standing, the two knees can touch each other, and the two internal heels are separated and cannot be close together as the main performance.
Examine
Knee valgus examination
General radiography: chest X-ray examination, bone and joint examination of the limbs.
General radiography: can take the skull, chest, abdominal plain, bones and joints of the limbs. The film plays an important role in the diagnosis work. The precautions are as follows: 1. The filming process is cumbersome, and generally the result cannot be obtained immediately. 2, the general film can not observe the functional state of the organ. 3, taking a X-ray film can only get an image of the examined part, which is the shortcoming of the film. 4, head injury should be the first choice for CT examination, because of head fractures and complications such as intracranial hemorrhage, X-ray film is not as valuable as CT examination.
Diagnosis
Knee valgus diagnosis
The shape characteristics can be directly clarified, and the full length sacral line of the lower limb can determine the angle and extent of the valgus deformity.
1. Knee varus or valgus deformity, walking obstacles.
2. When the lower limbs are straight, the knees or double internal hemorrhoids are significantly separated. The distance is mild below 3 cm, moderately 3-6 cm, and severe above 6 cm.
3. X-ray film shows the deformation of the femur or tibia.
