nonunion
Introduction
Introduction to nonunion Nonunion of the fracture is called nonunion. Bone tissue has the power to repair itself, and most fractures will heal well when the fracture is given proper treatment. However, some fractures are difficult to heal. When the fracture heals slowly, it is called delayed healing. When the fracture does not heal, it is called nonunion. About 5% of all fracture patients have difficulty healing. Due to the continuous activity of the fracture site, nonunion is usually accompanied by pain, which greatly reduces the quality of life of the patient. Determining the cause of nonunion is the key to choosing a treatment. The most common causes of nonunion are as follows: infection, insufficient local blood supply, separation of fracture ends, and insufficient fracture stability. In determining the treatment of nonunion, the following factors must be considered: the cause, the site of nonunion (specific bone and bone location), the type of nonunion, previous treatment, X-ray findings, and a series of Specific characteristics of other patients. In a broad sense, treatment plans should include improving local biological behavior or enhancing its mechanical stability. Commonly used treatments to improve local biological traits include: removal of infected foci, bone grafting, bone marrow transplantation, and the application of the Ilizarov method. Methods for improving mechanical stability include: plate screw internal fixation, intramedullary nail fixation and external fixation. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.0002% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: axillary combined anterior separation
Cause
Cause of nonunion
Determining the cause of nonunion is the key to choosing a treatment. The most common causes of nonunion are as follows: infection, insufficient local blood supply, separation of fracture ends, and insufficient fracture stability.
Non-continuous bone can occur in any bone, but there are several places that are notorious for prone to nonunion. The reason is that the blood supply to these parts is poor. Including: scaphoid, talus, femoral neck, fifth metatarsal, middle and lower humerus.
Fractures in the following situations are also prone to nonunion:
The fracture combined with major soft tissue destruction (such as open fracture bone).
A fracture caused by a high-energy injury mechanism (such as a traffic accident or a fall from a height).
Older people or people with low immune function.
At the same time, the fractures of patients with metabolic bone disease are combined.
Prevention
Nonunion prevention
1. The most important thing for patients to prevent fracture nonunion is to avoid smoking. Other factors include good nutrition and adherence to a doctor-recommended rehabilitation program.
2, smoking, obesity and diabetes, or patients with other diseases, the risk of nonunion is higher.
Complication
Nonunion complications Complications underarm combined with anterior separation
Combined separation under the armpit.
Symptom
Nonunion symptoms Common symptoms Articular deformity Joint pain Pain and bone nonunion motor dysfunction
Local swelling, pain, deformity and dysfunction after injury. The tenderness is obvious, and the ankle joint does not dare to move.
The posterior lip fracture, often accompanied by other injuries of the ankle joint, only 0.8% to 2.5% is a simple posterior lip fracture. If the posterior lip fracture of the tibia is diagnosed and no internal hemorrhoids or external hemorrhoid injury is found, the accompanying soft tissue injury, such as the inferior tibiofibular ligament tear and the triangular ligament injury, and the presence of a fracture in the proximal humerus should be noted.
Examine
Nonunion examination
X-ray examination.
Diagnosis
Diagnostic diagnosis of nonunion
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical manifestations and examinations.
