nasal trauma
Introduction
Introduction to nasal trauma The nose protrudes from the center of the face and is vulnerable to impact or falling and causing trauma. The magnitude, extent and direction of external force are different, and the degree of injury varies. It can be characterized by soft tissue contusion, laceration, nasal bone fracture, septal fracture, and cartilage dislocation. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.50% Susceptible people: good for young men and women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea
Cause
Cause of nasal trauma
Mostly caused by trauma. The current common cause is allergic rhinitis caused by nasal itching, children often use hand to dig nose, plus allergic nasal mucosa blood vessels are fragile, extremely easy to bleed.
Young children like to put foreign bodies into the nasal cavity to cause obstruction, and then use their hands to dig out the nose, so they dig bleeding.
Cold, high fever, and upper fire cause congestion of the nasal mucosa, and blood vessels are easy to rupture and hemorrhage.
Monotonous diet, vitamin C, K, P and calcium deficiency can also be associated with nosebleeds.
Children with hemophilia, leukemia, thrombocytopenia, and aplastic anemia are prone to epistaxis.
Prevention
Nasal trauma prevention
Patients with nasal trauma should be aware of the possibility of a combined skull base fracture. The wound should be thoroughly debrided, the normal tissue should be preserved as much as possible after suturing, and the infection should be actively prevented after surgery to reduce secondary malformations and dysfunction.
Complication
Nasal trauma complications Complications Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea
Nasal contusion, nasal bone fracture, dislocation of the nasal septum and sinus fracture are common in nasal trauma. At the same time, attention should be paid to the complications of nasal trauma such as cranial sinus rhinorrhea caused by skull base fracture and dural tear; the wall around the nose, the maxilla, etc. are also easily involved in facial and nasal trauma.
Symptom
Symptoms of nasal trauma Common symptoms Nose, nose, nose, defect, nosebleed, bird's mouth, nose, intermittent nasal obstruction, hematoma formation, snoring, bloody nose, vestibular skin, redness, pain, nasolabial deepening
1. Local pain, nosebleeds, nasal obstruction.
2. Local swelling, subcutaneous blood stasis, nasal bridge deflection or collapse, palpation tenderness, bone friction or snoring.
3. Dislocation, bending, mucosal tear or hematoma formation.
Examine
Nasal trauma examination
1. History: Pay attention to the cause of trauma, time, direction of violence, and general condition at the time of injury.
2, check: pay attention to the external nose with swelling, damage, deformation, palpation with or without broken bones and sputum pronunciation. Nasal examination for mucosal tears, bleeding, nasal septum bending, etc.
3, if necessary, can be used for ct examination and attention to other parts of the body with or without trauma and skull base fractures.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of nasal trauma
Diagnose based on
1. Have a history of nasal trauma.
2. Have the above symptoms and signs.
3. X-ray nasal bone can show fractures.
