children stutter
Introduction
Introduction to children's stuttering Stuttering is a kind of phonological rhythm disorder. It is a phonological disorder that causes repeated repetition of words or interruption of speech due to different reasons. When speech is expressed, it is often accompanied by body twitching action and facial abnormality. Stuttering occurs mostly in children and generally gradually improves or disappears with age, and a few can last into adulthood. Stuttering may be the result of a combination of physical and psychological factors. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 1%-2% Susceptible people: good for children Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: sleep disorders enuresis
Cause
Causes of stuttering in children
Genetic factors (35%):
The family incidence rate of stuttering patients can reach 36% to 55%, so some people think that it is related to genetic factors, which may be single-gene inheritance. It is also found that stuttering patients and relatives have more common left-handed hands, and that stuttering is related to the dominant side of the brain.
Physical factors (10%):
More children have been affected by harmful factors during the perinatal period or infancy, such as fetal maternal pregnancy toxemia, hemorrhage or physical illness, or some infectious diseases during development, which weaken the nervous system and interfere with speech function. And stuttering.
Mental and other factors (15%):
Children's stuttering often occurs after acute or prolonged trauma, and many doctrines suggest that mental factors may be an important cause of stuttering. Some preschool children suffer from stuttering due to imitation. According to the electroencephalogram, the sound EMG and the clinical efficacy of haloperidol, it is concluded that stuttering may be enhanced with the activity of the limbic system and the reticular complex. Uncoordinated muscle function is related to factors such as biochemical disorders in the basal ganglia, but it needs further clinical demonstration.
In short, stuttering may be the result of a combination of physical and psychological factors.
Prevention
Child stuttering prevention
In order to prevent children from stuttering, it is very important to arrange children's daily life and cultivate good hygiene habits. Children's daily life should be regular. Eat according to the prescribed time to ensure adequate sleep and rest. Do not force 3 to 7 years old. Children. Keeping in mind all kinds of long stories or poems that don't adapt to their language ability, the key to correcting children's stuttering is to cultivate a good speech habit. For children who have stuttering, parents, teachers should patiently teach and tell him how to make clear the words, how to Correctly express your meaning.
Complication
Child stuttering complications Complications, sleep disorders, enuresis
Often accompanied by neurotic symptoms stuttering children often have neurotic symptoms, such as emotional instability, temperament, irritability, excitement, timidity, sensitivity, sleep disorders, children often enuresis, loss of appetite, and easy to have fear and other emotions reaction.
Symptom
Children stuttering symptoms common symptoms stuttering dysfunction sleep disorders
Mainly manifested as speech rhythm disorders, repetition of speech or words, interruption, block and not fluent, can be accompanied by speech-assisted movements, such as lameness, pat on the legs, etc., stuttering children often show timidity, retreat, inferiority or Other mood disorders.
Must meet the following three items:
1. Repeated or extended speech or syllables often affect the fluency of speech;
2, no expression of content barriers;
3. Eliminate tic disorder and other neurological diseases.
Due to the tension of the pronunciation-breathing organs, the rhythm of the language is dysfunctional, which is more likely to occur when excited, fearful or emotionally excited. It can be expressed as the first word can not be pronounced, the first word is repeated, and the word is blocked in the middle of the discourse. Or meaninglessly repeating the pronunciation and other different forms, when the child speaks, it can be accompanied by lameness, waving, squeezing, licking, shaking lips, shaking the trunk, etc., and is prone to loneliness, inferiority, shame and other personality due to stuttering. Some children are often prone to excitement or irritation, accompanied by emotional instability and sleep disorders.
Examine
Child stuttering check
Need to do related checks to rule out nervous system diseases, tic disorder and mental illness disorder.
Diagnosis
Child stuttering diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
First, congenital sinistromanual stuttering: congenital sinistromanual stuttering: due to obedience compulsory education, forced to be right, so the language has two different centers of congenital and acquired, so the language is not fluent, causing stuttering, there are The report believes that this stutter is the most common.
Second, the thinking of fast stuttering: because of the broad and rapid thinking, causing the mouth to catch up, causing stuttering, clinical is more common.
Third, mental stuttering (mental stuttering): due to trauma, language expression is suppressed, resulting in aphasia, children with a history of trauma, and can speak nervously, lonely, whispering, behavior retreat or irritability, emotions Unstable performance.
4. Dialectical stuttering: Children change their dialects during their learning, or they can learn more than two different dialects, which can lead to stuttering.
Familial stuttering: The patient has a family history, and even many people in the same family suffer from it. Some people think that it is related to genetic factors. Some people think that it is induced by external factors on the basis of genetics. The main external cause is the poor environment for learning languages. If the parents stutter, or the parents speak fast, ambiguous, children are not easy to imitate.
