weak sperm
Introduction
Introduction to Weakness Under normal circumstances, after sperm maturation, it is necessary to use the action of various active substances secreted by the gonads, and the sperm further obtain energy to maintain its ability to continue to move forward. If the epididymis and other organs and accessory glands have infectious diseases, immune diseases, testicular function and developmental diseases, etc., are enough to cause the sperm to move forward or weaken. This situation is called weak precision. Acute and chronic inflammation of the genital tract or gonads such as the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate can all reduce sperm motility. The effect of infection on sperm motility can be multifaceted. The direct action of microorganisms on sperm, such as mycoplasma, can be adsorbed on the head, middle and tail of sperm, so that when the sperm moves forward, the hydrodynamic resistance increases, the speed of movement slows down, affects sperm motility and the ability to penetrate egg cells. . In addition, mycoplasma can cause partial sperm membrane defects or even membrane structure damage, affecting sperm fertilization ability. Only by understanding the cause can the symptomatic treatment be made, so that the treatment can be effective. Many patients are not ideal because of multiple treatments. Therefore, the key to the problem of being able to cure severe weak syndrome is that the cause is not identified. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: male Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: infertility, vas deferens
Cause
Weak essence
Infection factor (25%):
Acute and chronic inflammation of the genital tract or gonads such as the epididymis, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, and prostate can all reduce sperm motility. The effect of infection on sperm motility can be multifaceted. The direct action of microorganisms on sperm, such as mycoplasma, can be adsorbed on the head, middle and tail of sperm, so that when the sperm moves forward, the hydrodynamic resistance increases, the speed of movement slows down, affects sperm motility and the ability to penetrate egg cells. . In addition, mycoplasma can cause partial sperm membrane defects or even membrane structure damage, affecting sperm fertilization ability. Escherichia coli can reduce sperm motility by combining its own receptors with spermatogenesis; the indirect action of microorganisms on sperm can produce or release toxic substances, and the production of NH3 by mycoplasma during the growth process has direct toxic effects on sperm. E. coli produces a sperm brake factor. The decrease in sperm motility caused by infection can also be achieved by changing the pH value of the seminal plasma. When the pH is lower than 7 or higher than 9, the sperm motility is significantly reduced. In patients with acute accessory gland inflammation or epididymal inflammation, the pH is more alkaline, while chronic accessory adenoitis can lower the pH below 7. In addition, leukocytosis in semen caused by inflammation can lead to a decrease in sperm motility by direct and indirect causes. Insufficient sperm motility caused by prostatitis may be the result of a combination of factors, including microbes, white blood cells, pH and other factors, may also be related to zinc barriers.
Abnormal semen liquefaction (20%):
The lack of liquefaction or high viscosity of semen is one of the causes of male infertility. A very important factor may be the infertility caused by affecting the sperm's ability to exercise. The slender fibrin can be seen in the semi-liquid semi-liquefied seminal fluid and meshed with each other to reduce the space for sperm activity, and the sperm is pinned. At the same time, it is also seen that the coarse fibers are connected into a network by many fine fibers, which may be mechanical. Limit the cause of sperm forward movement. The authors have used urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) alone in vitro in non-liquefied semen specimens. When the semen is changed from non-liquefaction to liquefaction, the sperm motility and forward motility are significantly improved. Proteases also achieve the same effect.
Autoimmune factors (15%):
Anti-sperm antibodies (AsAb) can affect sperm fertilization in several different ways. The effect on the vitality of sperm may be that AsA b binds to the tail of the sperm, the vitality of the sperm is hindered, the exercise capacity is reduced, and the penetrating ability is also poor. This has the ability to penetrate the cervical mucus by the presence of anti-sperm antibodies against the sperm tail. The decline has been confirmed. Some scholars have used AsAb-positive serum to contact human sperm. It has been observed that a so-called sperm "shaking phenomenon" is mainly caused by the combination of anti-sperm antibodies in the head and the entire tail of the sperm, and the forward movement of the sperm is suppressed, but There was no significant change in survival rate.
Endocrine factors (10%):
In addition to its effects on spermatogenesis and maturation, endocrine hormones also affect sperm motility. Gonzales et al. found that prolactin in seminal plasma is linear with sperm activity, which increases sperm uptake of oxygen or affects sperm motility through the cAMP system, and decreases sperm motility when serum E2 levels rise. Excessive testosterone in seminal plasma may inhibit sperm movement.
Kartagener's syndrome (5%):
In the early 1930s, Karth first discovered a condition, which was later confirmed by other scholars to be a lack of congenital cilia, which showed that the cilia of each ciliated cell in the body could not move, mainly the ciliated kinesin arm of the peripheral microtubule ( Dynein alms) is absent. In addition to the inability of sperm to move, patients with this syndrome may also be asked from a history of chronic respiratory infections.
Chromosomal abnormalities (5%):
In addition to affecting the number of sperm, autosomal and sex chromosome aberrations also affect sperm motility and forward motility. Ultrastructural devices associated with sperm motility are known to exhibit sperm tail structural abnormalities due to genetic factors, such as lack of internal or external arms or both arms. It can also be a lack of a central connection and a central composite structure, because the interaction between the central microtube and the radiation can adjust the sliding of the outer microtube. When this structure is abnormal, the sperm will have a movement disorder.
Varicocele (5%):
Varicocele can cause male infertility through a variety of ways, it not only affects spermatogenesis, but also causes sperm motility to decline. The mechanism may be due to blood retention of varicose veins, microcirculatory disorders, lack of nutrient supply and decreased oxygen partial pressure, insufficient energy production and endocrine dysfunction. In addition, it may also be because varicocele causes autoimmunity such as anti-sperm antibody production and infection of mycoplasma indirectly to cause a decrease in sperm motility.
Other factors (5%):
(1) The content of zinc, copper and magnesium in trace element seminal plasma is related to the quality of semen. The content of zinc in seminal plasma is more than 100 times that of plasma. The content of zinc, iron and magnesium in the seminal plasma of patients with low sperm motility is significantly lower than that of normal sperm. Healthy man. Zinc can delay the lipid oxidation of cell membranes and maintain the stability and permeability of cell structure, thus ensuring good sperm motility. When the content of trace element cadmium (Cd) is high, sperm activity can be reduced. Cadmium can directly inhibit sperm oxidase and directly inhibit sperm motility. The cadmium content of infertile men's semen is significantly higher than that of fertile men.
(2) Lack of enzymes related to sperm movement or decreased enzyme activity, lack of vitamins, high temperature, radiation occupation and exposure to chemical poisons can cause sperm motility to decrease.
(3) Smoking, drinking and drug factors Nicotine in tobacco affects sperm motility through direct and indirect damage to sperm. Long-term alcoholics can directly and indirectly affect sperm motility and affect sperm motility.
There are also some people with low sperm motility who can't find the cause, called idiopathic weak sperm disease.
Prevention
Weak precision prevention
1, do not eat too greasy food, quit smoking and alcohol. Germ cells in the testes are affected by harmful components in tobacco, resulting in poor sperm count and quality, and many infertility or deformity. Too much alcohol can cause chronic alcoholism, sperm dysplasia or loss of mobility.
2. Avoid excessive noise. According to the data, men live in the environment of noise 70-80 decibels for a long time, the sexual function tends to weaken, and the neutral function in the high-noise environment living above 90 decibels is disordered.
3, try not to use less or less various chemicals, clothes from the dry cleaners are best to wear a few days, because the dry cleaning agent will affect the male sexual function; sleep before 11 o'clock every day, sweat every day, try to eat Unprocessed pure natural food.
4. Prevent all kinds of infectious diseases that endanger male fertility, such as mumps and sexually transmitted diseases.
5, men should learn some physiological knowledge, found that testiculars have different changes than usual, such as swelling, hardening, uneven, pain, etc., must be promptly diagnosed.
6, to avoid long-term masturbation. It can cause slow hyperemia of the prostate, leading to aseptic prostatitis, affecting the nutrient composition, quantity, viscosity, pH of the semen and inducing infertility.
7, zinc supplementation of selenium to prevent weak essence, zinc, especially protein zinc, can affect the body's immune response can also directly affect the ability of the prostate to inhibit bacteria. Therefore, zinc supplementation plays an important role in improving sperm motility, and can also improve the body's immunity and help prevent chronic prostatitis. Selenium has the effect of enhancing sperm motility and sexual function. Therefore, people call selenium the gold of men's body. Diabetic patients, heart disease patients, liver disease patients and urinary system have different degrees of sexual decline. Selenium supplementation can regulate immune function and antioxidant function. Selenium can improve and improve sexual function, help with impotence, premature ejaculation, and sexual dysfunction. People gradually return to normal.
Complication
Weak sperm complications Complications, infertility, vas deferens
1. Affects the combination of sperm and egg, leading to infertility.
2. The quality of sperm is not good, which is not conducive to prenatal and postnatal care, and the probability of embryo malformation is large.
3. Prone to premature birth or miscarriage.
4. Lead to the disorder of male acquired factors.
5. Affect the spermatogenic function of the testicles.
6. Causes clogging of the vas deferens.
Symptom
Weak essence symptoms common symptoms frequent spermatorrhea, premature ejaculation, waist and knees
Both qi and blood deficiency
Symptoms: low sperm motility, or sperm mortality 40%; sexual apathy, yang is not strong; body is thin, pale complexion, Shenpi fatigue, less bloating, shortness of breath; palpitations, forgetfulness, dizziness and spontaneous sweating. The tongue is pale white, or the tongue is pale, with scalloped edges and weak veins.
Insufficient kidney yang, semen cold coagulation
Symptoms: Semen does not liquefy, or not complete, with clots or jelly samples inside; scrotum and testicles are cold or cold, waist and knees are sore, cold and cold. The tongue is light and white, and the pulse is late or deep or weak.
Bloody dredging, thick and indefinite
Symptoms: Semen does not liquefy, there is fixed pain or dull pain in the lower abdomen and perineum; hepatomegaly or splenomegaly. The tongue is dark purple, or there are sputum or ecchymosis, and the pulse is sputum.
Kidney deficiency
Symptoms: low sperm motility, or dead sperm rate 40%; yang is not strong, ejaculation is weak; premature ejaculation, nocturnal emission, sexual apathy; waist and knees, fatigue, weakness; dizziness, tinnitus, chills; spontaneous sweating, urination. The tongue is pale and the veins are weak.
Hot and humid bet type
Symptoms: The penis is warm and long, and the erection is not strong; the scrotum is hot and humid, the mouth is bitter and sticky, and the thirst does not want to drink; the urine is hot and red. The tongue is red and yellow, and the pulse slips.
Liver stagnation and blood stasis
Symptoms: high sperm mortality, or low sperm motility; perineal or less abdominal tingling; complexion gray, lips purple; chest pain, depression, good anger; tinnitus and ear closure. The tongue is purpura, the pulse string, or the stagnant stagnation.
Examine
Weak inspection
Immunological examination
It should be noted that the male sperm agglutination test, in addition to the detection methods, there are many, should be selected according to local conditions.
Semen routine examination
It is worth noting that it is helpful to understand male fertility and at the same time is a must-check item for infertility.
Testicular biopsy
Experts remind patients to use azoospermia or oligozoospermia, how to check for weak sperm, directly check the spermatogenic function of men's testicular seminiferous tubules and the development of interstitial cells, the synthesis of local hormones in male patients and friends Metabolism can be reflected by immunohistochemical staining.
Semen routine examination
A preliminary assessment of male reproductive capacity and reproductive system diseases is carried out through preliminary assessment of semen traits, sperm count, and vitality. Semen routine examination items include general trait examinations, and microscopic examinations.
Sperm function test
The main examination items are semen analysis, cervical mucus penetration test, and biochemical examination of sperm. Through sperm function test, it is possible to scientifically and accurately detect the sperm vitality of a man, and predict the potential fertilization ability of sperm.
Diagnosis
Weak precision diagnosis
Weak precision diagnosis
(1) After marriage, the couple live together for more than two years, and no contraceptive measures have been taken. The healthy spouse is not pregnant.
(2) For a specific infertility patient, semen analysis may often have multiple abnormalities at the same time. The diagnosis of weak sperm disease should also include the diagnosis of related causes that may cause semen non-liquefaction. You should check if the patient has the following diseases or abnormalities at the same time:
1 bad habits, such as heavy smoking, alcohol abuse, frequent hot baths, long-term exposure to heavy metal lead, pesticides and chemical poisons.
2 patients with urogenital infections, especially chronic prostatitis and genital UU infection.
3 patients with abnormal genital development, whether there are small testes, cryptorchidism, varicocele and other primary diseases.
(3) Semen analysis After more than 3 consecutive indicators, the sperm movement forward (A+B grade) <50% or A grade exercise sperm <25%, while the sperm density and other parameters are normal or basically normal, Diagnosed as weak sperm disease. Or after ejaculation, sperm motility <50%, laboratory or other auxiliary examination can find genital tract infections, or other diseases affecting sperm motility, can also be diagnosed as weak sperm disease.
