breast disease
Introduction
Introduction to breast disease Breast disease is one of the major diseases that endanger women's health at this stage. The mammary gland is an important indicator of female sexual symptoms. The gland is similar to the sweat gland. The mammary gland changes from the embryonic stage to the old age. It changes through embryonic, early childhood, adolescence, pregnancy, lactation and old age. Both are affected by endocrine, ie, corresponding changes that occur as the ovarian cycle changes. Endocrine disorders are the main cause of breast disease, often due to uncoordinated infection of estrogen secretion, trauma, and individual factors to breast lesions, common acute and chronic adenosis, breast epithelial hyperplasia (including simple breast epithelial hyperplasia, cystic gland Sexual mammary epithelial hyperplasia, proliferative breast cancer), breast adenosis, mammary fibrosis, mammary duct dilatation, colitis cysts, and benign breast tumors. Patients with breast disease should ensure a regular life, adjust their love, relax, and often participate in physical exercise, but do not let yourself be too tired. Patients with breast disease who are over 40 years old should go to the hospital for a specialist examination every year. If necessary, do B-ultrasound, infrared emulsion or mammography to check for breast diseases. basic knowledge Proportion of disease: according to the specific disease, the proportion of illness is different Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: breast cancer
Cause
Cause of breast disease
1. The normal physiological process of the breast is affected by artificial inhibition factors. Women who are unmarried, infertile, sexually dysfunctional, induced abortion, divorce and living alone, inhibit breastfeeding, etc., cause the breasts to have normal periodic physiological activities.
2, the female body caused by the development of the mammary gland is not perfect or disease, resulting in endocrine disorders, causing breast disease, such as ovarian infertility, menstrual disorders, thyroid disease and liver dysfunction.
3, long-term use of estrogen-containing health care products, contraceptives. Long-term excessive intake of estrogen in humans will lead to imbalance of endocrine balance. Now the artificially raised aquatic products and feeds used by poultry contain ingredients of contraceptives, which are harmful to the breast for a long time.
4. The impact of diet and lifestyle. A high-fat diet can alter the endocrine environment and enhance or prolong the stimulation of estrogen on mammary epithelial cells. Bad habits such as drinking and smoking can induce breast disease.
5. The influence of mental factors such as emotions. Today's women are under tremendous mental stress in marriage, family, and work. Long-term emotional instability and mental depression can lead to elevated levels of estrogen and endocrine disorders.
Prevention
Breast disease prevention
1, not angry. The occurrence of mammary gland hyperplasia is inseparable from the word "qi". Excessive stress, excessive stress, anxiety, and anger are the causes of the disease.
2, scientific diet. Exercise more, prevent obesity, eat less fried foods, animal fats, sweets and excessive tonic foods. Eat more vegetables, fruits, coarse grains (black beans are best), soy products, walnuts, black sesame seeds, black fungus, mushrooms, fish, lean meat, dairy products.
3, sleeping posture to supine as well, so as not to squeeze the breast.
4, the night should remove the bra to sleep. The study found that women who wear bras for more than 12 hours a day are 20 times more likely to develop breast cancer than those who wear short-term or no bras at all.
5, life should be regular, work and rest, to maintain a harmonious life.
6, to avoid the intake of estrogen. Such as birth control pills and cosmetics containing estrogen, do not eat chicken and beef fed with estrogen.
7, to avoid abortion, maternal feeding, promote breastfeeding, maintain the normal physiological functions of the breast.
8, a fixed monthly time (pre-menopause, preferably within one week after each menstrual period) to check the breast, early detection, early detection, early treatment, to avoid the occurrence of breast cancer.
Complication
Breast disease complications Complications
If breast disease is not actively treated, it can be complicated by breast cancer for a long time.
Symptom
Symptoms of breast disease Common symptoms Breast lumps Breast pain Before menstruation Breast pain Breast pain Breast lobular hyperplasia Breast cystic hyperplasia Breast redness Heat pain nipple discharge
Breast hyperplasia: Mammary gland hyperplasia is a benign proliferative disease of breast tissue, which can be divided into breast tissue hyperplasia (milk pain), breast adenosis (lobular proliferative phase, fibroad adenosis, fibrosis), cystic lesions of the breast type. There may be breast pain, pre-emphasis, periodicity, 5% to 15% of patients with cystic hyperplasia nipple discharge, cystic mass.
Breast cancer: The female mammary gland is composed of skin, fibrous tissue, breast gland and fat. Breast cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the epithelial tissue of the breast gland. 99% of breast cancers occur in women, and men account for only 1%. The breast is not an important organ for maintaining human life. In situ breast cancer is not fatal; however, because breast cancer cells lose the characteristics of normal cells, the cells are loosely connected and easily fall off. Once the cancer cells fall off, the free cancer cells can spread with the blood or lymph, forming a metastasis and endangering life. Breast cancer has become a common tumor that threatens women's physical and mental health.
Mastitis: Mastitis is a common condition in primipara, light can not give normal feeding to the baby, and severe cases require surgery. However, early prevention or timely treatment can prevent or alleviate the symptoms. Rub the peanut oil on the nipple and areola every month before delivery. Wash the nipple and areola daily with alcohol or warm water after 8 months of pregnancy, so that the nipple skin becomes tough and wearable, preventing the baby from sucking and chapping in the postpartum.
Breast cysts: The initial symptoms are usually breast masses, more common on one side, located in the peripheral part of the breast outside the areola area, round or oval, with clear boundaries, smooth surface, slightly active, slightly cystic The diameter is often 2~3cm, and the lymph nodes are generally swollen in the innocent area. Young women find breasts with clear breast borders during or after breastfeeding, and complain that they have had mastitis during lactation and check the outside of the areola area. The marginal part touches the boundary with clear, active, smooth surface mass, should think of the possibility of breast cysts, B-ultrasound can be diagnosed with breast cyst disease, breast adenoma, breast cancer.
Breast fibroadenomas: The most common clinical manifestation of breast fibroadenomas is breast lumps, and in most cases, breast lumps are the only symptom of the disease. The masses of breast fibroadenoma are mostly unintentionally found by the patient, generally without pain, and do not change with the menstrual cycle. In a small number of cases, breast fibroadenomas and mammary gland hyperplasia coexist, at this time there may be anterior breast pain.
Examine
Breast disease examination
an examination
1, mammography check:
CR digital mammography high-frequency mammography X-ray examination (referred to as "mammography") is the first choice for the diagnosis of breast diseases. It is the most reliable, direct and simple non-invasive detection method. It is relatively small and easy to use. The resolution is high, the repeatability is good, and the retained images are available for comparison before and after, and have been used as a routine check.
2, breast self-examination:
The specific method is: standing in front of the mirror after bathing, hands on the hips, the body is left and right, looking at the skin of the bilateral breasts from the mirror, whether the nipple is retracted, and then sticking to the breast with the fingertips Move slowly clockwise or counterclockwise, do not squeeze by hand, so as not to mistake the normal breast tissue for a lump.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of breast disease
diagnosis:
Breast self-examination is a self-examination method that is simple, safe, and non-invasive, centering on the subject. By publicizing the meaning of breast self-examination and teaching self-examination methods, it is necessary for women of the appropriate age to regularly check the breast and hope to find breast lumps early. Experts say that in China, breast self-examination is still recommended as one of the early detection methods for breast cancer. The main self-examination methods are:
one look
The first step: face the mirror, hands on the hips, observe the shape of the breast, outline or not.
Step 2: Raise your arms and observe the shape, skin, nipple, and outline of the breast.
Second, palpation
order:
1. The right hand touches the outer top of the left breast with or without a lump;
2. The right hand touches the lower part of the left breast to see if there is a lump;
3. The right hand touches the inside of the left breast to see if there is a lump;
4, the right hand touches the top of the left breast with or without a lump;
5, lying on your back, shoulders slightly higher, raise your left arm, right hand touch the left side of the armpit with or without a lump;
6. Touch around the nipple and squeeze the nipple with your fingers for any abnormal discharge.
Breast disease can be initially diagnosed by self-examination of the breast. If the diagnosis is to be confirmed, further examination should be carried out according to the doctor's advice.
