tonic cerebral palsy
Introduction
Introduction to tonic cerebral palsy The tonic cerebral palsy is an extrapyramidal injury, also known as strong rigid type, pyknotic cerebral palsy. At present, the simple tonic cerebral palsy in the clinic is very rare, and it is mostly mixed with sputum cerebral palsy. The most characteristic of the tonic cerebral palsy is passive movement. Because the tonic cerebral palsy is an extrapyramidal injury, the biggest difference with the sacral cerebral palsy is that the tonic cerebral palsy is not hyperthyroidized or normal or weakened, and there is no sputum and involuntary movement. The sputum type cerebral palsy stretches and reflexes, the sputum reflex is very active, there is a sputum, and there is no movement. basic knowledge The proportion of sickness: 1.2% - 2.5% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications:
Cause
Tonic cerebral palsy
1. Hypoxic asphyxia: The causes of cerebral palsy include hypoxia in the mother's womb, hypoxia asphyxia during childbirth, respiratory distress syndrome, circulatory failure, and polycythemia.
2, pregnant women reasons: including pregnant women with abdominal trauma, pregnant women threatened abortion, prenatal bleeding, pregnancy toxemia and placental reasons (placental abruption, placenta previa, placental necrosis or placental dysfunction), as well as some chronic diseases of pregnant women (Hypertension, hepatitis, diabetes, drug use, overdose, etc.), which is the cause of neonatal cerebral palsy.
3, premature delivery and fetal dysplasia: intrauterine infection, intrauterine growth is slow, congenital malformation. Newborns weigh less than 2,500 grams, and the possibility of cerebral palsy is greatly increased, which is also the cause of cerebral palsy.
4. Certain genetic diseases and neonatal nuclear jaundice : Genetics is also one of the causes of cerebral palsy.
5, brain injury : This is the common cause of cerebral palsy. Such as baby brain injury during childbirth, neonatal brain injury or brain infection, cerebrovascular accident.
Prevention
Ankylosing cerebral palsy prevention
Before birth, from the time the mother is pregnant to the time of childbirth. The development of the fetal nervous system is superior to other systems, and the fetus depends on the mother to survive. Therefore, the health and nutritional status of the pregnant woman is closely related to the growth and development of the fetus. This requires active early prenatal examination, fetal prediction, and prenatal and postnatal care. Publicize and educate, do a good job in perinatal care, and prevent congenital diseases in the fetus.
Pregnant women should quit bad hobbies, such as smoking, drinking; do not abuse drugs such as anesthetics, sedatives; avoid influenza, rubella and other viral infections and contact with cats and dogs; avoid radiation and other harmful and toxic substances, and frequent B-ultrasound, preferably not Watch TV and operate the computer.
In addition, pregnant women who have the following conditions should do prenatal checkup as soon as possible:
(1) Older pregnant women (over 35 years old) or men over 50 years old.
(2) Close relatives get married.
(3) There are unexplained miscarriages, premature births, stillbirths, and neonatal deaths.
(4) Pregnant women have low intelligence, or close relatives have epilepsy, cerebral palsy and other genetic history. If the fetal abnormality is found early in pregnancy, the pregnancy is terminated as soon as possible.
Complication
Tonic cerebral palsy Complications
1. Motor dysfunction: Poor exercise self-control ability. Serious people will not catch things with their hands, their feet will not walk, and some will not even turn over, sit up, will not stand, and will not chew and swallow properly.
2, posture disorder: various posture abnormalities, poor posture stability. If you can't stand your head vertically for 3 months, you are used to leaning to one side, or shaking left and right. It is not easy to open your fist when washing your hands.
3, mental retardation: children with normal intelligence account for about a quarter, intelligence is mild, moderate deficiency accounts for about 1/2, and severe mental retardation accounts for about 1/4.
4, language barriers: difficult language expression, unclear pronunciation or stuttering and other symptoms.
5, visual and auditory disorders: the most difficult to distinguish between internal strabismus and the rhythm of the sound.
6, tooth development disorders: tooth texture loose, easy to fold, oral dysfunction, facial muscles and tongue muscles sometimes squat or inconsistent contraction, difficulty in chewing and swallowing, difficult oral closure and drooling.
Symptom
Tonic cerebral palsy symptoms Common symptoms Language developmental retardation Gear-like tonic motor dysfunction tremor muscle rigidity,... Lead tube-like tonic limb or trunk posture abnormal involuntary movement mental retardation
1. Uniform resistance during passive movement
Resist when passively moving, this resistance feels like a lead tube or gear. The muscle tension is evenly increased, and the resistance and resistance of the passive movement are uniform. This feeling is different from the muscle tension caused by the cerebral palsy when the cone system is damaged. The sputum type is characterized by resistance resistance at the beginning when passively moving the limb. Great, the resistance is obviously weakened at the end.
2. Resistance during passive motion is two-way
The characteristic of muscle tension enhancement is that the muscle tension is the same whether the limb is stretched or flexed. In other words, the resistance is the same when passively moving the limb, showing resistance in both directions of stretching and flexion.
3, the resistance of passive movement is the largest in slow motion
It is different from the sputum type cerebral palsy showing maximum resistance during intense exercise.
4, reflection does not break into
Because the tonic cerebral palsy is an extrapyramidal injury, the sputum reflex is not hyperthyroidism or normal or weakened, and there is no sputum and involuntary movement. The sputum type cerebral palsy stretches and reflexes, the sputum reflex is very active, there is a sputum, and there is no movement.
Examine
Examination of tonic cerebral palsy
1. Physical examination: In addition to general physical examination, examination of cerebral palsy in children should focus on the presence or absence of superficial lymphadenopathy, and specific neurological examinations, with a focus on medical history.
2, ct, mri scan: This examination of children with cerebral palsy can scan the specific internal structure of each level and different images of brain tissue, the density of lesions increased.
3, x-ray head flat film, examination of cerebral palsy in children can provide evidence of increased intracranial pressure and positioning.
4. Ultrasound examination: The midline wave shifts to the healthy side. b Ultra-to-tomography can see the size of the location of the lesion, which is also a commonly used method for examination of cerebral palsy in children.
5, angiography: can be used for positioning for qualitative diagnosis.
6, radioisotope brain scan, visible isotope concentration phenomenon.
7. EEG examination: The positive rate of the tumor on the screen is high, and the slow wave appears in the cortex of the lesion area. This is also one of the examination methods for cerebral palsy in children.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of tonic cerebral palsy
Diagnosis is based primarily on medical history and neurological examination. Most of them have signs of poor motor development, abnormal posture, and signs of central dyskinesia. Asking about abnormal medical history during pregnancy, perinatal period, and neonatal period may indicate the cause of cerebral palsy. Imaging studies may reveal evidence of brain damage.
1. Physical examination: In addition to general physical examination, examination of cerebral palsy in children should focus on the presence or absence of superficial lymphadenopathy, and specific neurological examinations, with a focus on medical history.
2, ct, mri scan: This examination of children with cerebral palsy can scan the specific internal structure of each level and different images of brain tissue, the density of lesions increased.
3, x-ray head flat film, examination of cerebral palsy in children can provide evidence of increased intracranial pressure and positioning.
4. Ultrasound examination: The midline wave shifts to the healthy side. b Ultra-to-tomography can see the size of the location of the lesion, which is also a commonly used method for examination of cerebral palsy in children.
5, angiography: can be used for positioning for qualitative diagnosis.
6, radioisotope brain scan, visible isotope concentration phenomenon.
7. EEG examination: The positive rate of the tumor on the screen is high, and the slow wave appears in the cortex of the lesion area. This is also one of the examination methods for cerebral palsy in children.
