knee osteoarthritis
Introduction
Introduction to knee osteoarthritis Knee osteoarthritis refers to a chronic bone and joint disease caused by cartilage degeneration of the knee joint and hyperplasia of the bone. The main manifestations are joint pain and inactivity. X-ray shows narrow joint space and dense subchondral bone. , trabecular bone fracture, there are hardening and cystic changes. Also known as knee joint proliferative arthritis, degenerative arthritis and osteoarthritis. The disease occurs mostly in middle-aged and elderly people, and can also occur in young people. It can be unilateral or bilateral. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.016% Susceptible people: mostly in middle-aged and elderly people, but also in young people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: bone hyperplasia, swelling
Cause
Causes of knee osteoarthritis
Long-term load (45%):
Poor long-term posture, heavy weight, overweight, leading to soft tissue injury in the knee. The increase in body weight is directly proportional to the incidence of knee osteoarthritis. Obesity is also a factor that worsens the condition. Weight loss in obese people can reduce the incidence of knee osteoarthritis.
Chronic strain (27%):
Frequent knee injuries, such as fractures, cartilage, and ligament injuries. In the abnormal state of the joint, such as in the unstable state after the patella resection, when the joint is subjected to muscle imbalance and local pressure, cartilage degeneration will occur. When the subchondral trabecular bone becomes thinner and stiffer, its resistance to stress is reduced, and therefore, the incidence of osteoarthritis in osteoporosis increases.
Genetic factors (15%):
The joint involvement of different races is different. For example, the osteoarthritis of the hip joint and the carpometacarpal joint is more common in Caucasians, but it is rare in the colored people and the Chinese, and the gender also affects the disease. More common.
Prevention
Knee osteoarthritis prevention
1, in the diet, should eat more foods containing protein, calcium, collagen, isoflavones, such as milk, dairy products, soybeans, soy products, eggs, fish and shrimp, kelp, black fungus, chicken feet, pig's trotters, Legs of sheep, beef tendons, etc. These can not only supplement protein and calcium, prevent osteoporosis, but also grow the lubricating fluid of cartilage and joints. They can also supplement estrogen, so that bones and joints can better carry out calcium metabolism. Reduce the symptoms of arthritis.
2, knee joints encounter cold, vasoconstriction, blood circulation is worse, often make the pain worse, so in the cold weather should pay attention to keep warm, if necessary, wear knee pads to prevent cold joints.
3, people with knee osteoarthritis, as little as possible up and down the stairs, less climbing, less standing, less heavy lifting, to avoid excessive load on the knee joint and aggravate the condition, treatment can use traditional Chinese medicine.
Complication
Complications of knee osteoarthritis Complications, hyperosteogeny, swelling
The joints are swollen, and joint deformities and bone hyperplasia can be seen over time.
Symptom
Knee osteoarthritis symptoms Common symptoms Joint pain Joint swelling Joint swelling Joint deformity Joint effusion Soft leg proliferative periostitis Bone spurs Knee joint clearance and pain Knee long spur
1, slow onset, more common in middle-aged and obese women, often have a history of fatigue.
2. Pain is aggravated during knee joint activity. It is characterized by initial paroxysmal pain, post-suspension, fatigue, and even worse at night.
3, knee joint activity is limited, even limp. Very few patients may have interlocking or knee effusion.
4. When the joints are active, there may be a ringing and rubbing sound. Some of the patients have swollen joints, and the joints are deformed over time.
5, knee pain is the common complaint of patients with this disease. The early symptoms are the pain when going up and down the stairs, especially when going downstairs. It appears unilaterally or bilaterally. It is a joint enlargement, which is caused by bone hypertrophy and effusion in the joint cavity. Sliding membrane hypertrophy is rare. Severe cases of knee varus deformity.
Examine
Examination of knee osteoarthritis
Floating raft test, hip and knee flexion test, knee joint separation test, bone and joint plain film of limbs, limbs and joint movement function.
Introduction of the bones and joints of the extremities: The bones and joints of the extremities are filmed on the extremities and related joints to confirm the bone condition after the fracture.
Knee joint separation test introduction: The knee joint separation test is to check the medial collateral ligament to diagnose whether there is slack or breakage.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of knee osteoarthritis
diagnosis
1. Repeated strain or trauma history.
2, knee pain and stiffness, more obvious when getting up in the morning, after the activity is reduced, the activity is aggravated for a long time, the symptoms are relieved after the break.
3, sustained pain in the later period, joint activity is obviously limited, quadriceps atrophy, joint effusion, and even deformity and intra-articular free body.
4, knee flexion and extension activities can be rubbed and rubbing sound.
5, X and anterior and lateral X-ray of the knee joint, showing that the tibia, femoral condyle, and tibial plateau joints have lip-like bone hyperplasia, the metatarsal intercondylar humerus is sharp, the joint space is narrowed, the subchondral bone is dense, and sometimes the joint is visible. Free body.
