water hernia
Introduction
Introduction to the otter Leech is a syndrome of scrotal hydrocephalus. Out of the second volume of "Confucianism", due to the wetness of the water, or the feeling of cold and dampness. Symptoms see swelling and pain in the scrotum, when the sweat is sweating, or see the scrotum is swollen like crystal, not red or hot; or itching, smashing yellow water; or the sound of water in the small abdomen . Expedient gas is water. Mild patients can choose to use Wuzhi San addition and subtraction, severe cases can be used to add and subtract. It is equivalent to testicular hydrocele, scrotal edema and other diseases. The effluent can be treated with puncture or water or surgical treatment. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.005% - 0.008% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: hydrocele male infertility
Cause
Cause of leeches
Infection (30%):
Infection is the most common cause. It is often caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, gonorrhea, and various non-specific bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, etc., caused by acute and chronic epididymitis, orchitis, spermatic inflammation, and meningitis. Mumps virus infection can also be caused. Parasitic infections such as filariasis, which is prevalent in the tropics, can also damage the lymphatic flow of the sheath, spermatic cord, and scrotum, resulting in hydrocele.
Damage (30%):
Injury is also a common cause of symptomatic hydrocele. Campbell reported that 6% of patients with hydrocele had a history of scrotal kick, injury, falls, and traction. The surgical operation in the abdomen, groin area, and scrotum is one of the causes recognized in recent years. There are reports of hydrocele in 67% of patients after renal transplantation, 35% after varicocele, 0.9%--2.28% after hernia repair, epididymal resection, inguinal lymph node dissection, etc. Suspension and damage to the lymphatic vessels cause hydrocele.
Tumor (10%):
Cancers in the testis, epididymis, sheath, spermatic cord and other parts can invade the sheath, causing it to secrete, exude or block the lymphatic system and produce hydrocele. The rate of hydrocele formation in testicular tumors is 2% to 5%, which is a rare cause.
Prevention
Mink prevention
After the operation of leech, it is advisable to rest in bed and raise the scrotum to promote postoperative recovery. For leeches, it is necessary not only to receive professional treatment in time, but also to pay attention to prevention and maintenance, especially in daily life, paying attention to diet, avoiding spicy and irritating food, and keeping warm.
Complication
Mink complication Complications hydrocele male infertility
There is a small amount of serous fluid in the normal testicular sac sac, which is similar in nature to the intra-abdominal serous fluid and has a smoothing effect, allowing the testicle to slide freely therein. Under normal conditions, the wall of the sheath has the function of secreting and absorbing the serum and keeping its capacity stable. If the sheath itself and surrounding organs or tissues are diseased, and the secretion and absorption functions of the sheath are unbalanced, various types of hydrocele are formed. The disease generally has a good prognosis after treatment. The clinical importance lies in the long-term effusion in the sheath, the increase of internal pressure, and the testicular ischemia, testicular spermatogenesis dysfunction, leading to infertility. At the same time, adult large hydrocele affects normal life and can also lead to infertility.
Symptom
Symptoms of leeches Common symptoms Scrotal swelling Scrotum scrotal swelling Scrotal edema Scrotum pruritus Itching hydrocele
Symptoms of leeches: The volume of fluid in the sheath cavity is excessive, that is, hydrocele. It is a common disease that can be seen at all ages. In the early fetal testis, after the retroperitoneum, from July to September, the inguinal canal descends into the scrotum, and the peritoneum attached to the testis also descends to form a peritoneal sheath. After birth, the sheath of the spermatic cord from the inner ring to the testicle is gradually atrophied and cut.
The sheath of the testicle forms a sheath of the saccular testis. There is only a small amount of serous fluid in the normal sheath cavity. When the secretion and absorption function of the sheath is out of balance, it can cause hydrocele. The sheath is incompletely closed at different locations, and various types of four hydrocele can be formed. There are four types of hydrocele: testicular hydrocele, spermatic hydrocele, testicular spermatic hydrocele and traffic hydrocele. Among them, testicular hydrocele is the most common, which can be divided into primary and secondary, followed by inflammation, trauma, tumor, filariasis.
Examine
Otter inspection
Possible examination items: scrotal ultrasound, scrotal examination, light transmission test, abdominal CT, abdominal plain film, sexually transmitted disease research laboratory test.
Ultrasound examination of the scrotum generally has two types: (1) longitudinal scan: the left hand food, the thumb properly fixed testicular for longitudinal multi-plane scan to show the ultrasound structure of the testis, epididymis head and part of the spermatic cord. (2) Cross-scanning on both sides to observe the shape, size and internal echo of the scrotal skin, testis and epididymis, and to observe the presence or absence of liquid and echo in the sphincter of the testis.
Diagnosis
Waterlogging diagnosis
Differential diagnosis
The hydrocele appears as a cystic mass in the scrotum or spermatic cord. Generally, there is no discomfort, and the size can vary greatly. Most of them are oval. When the congenital hydrocele is in a supine position, the effusion can be gradually reduced or even completely disappeared, and the hydrocele is mostly unilateral. The scrotum of the primary testicular hydrocele is normal, with a large tension and can transmit light. Such as the sheath tension is not large, relatively soft, should be thought of as secondary hydrocele, should be alert to testicular, epididymis lesions, such as tuberculosis, syphilis, inflammatory lesions, tumors and filariasis.
