pelvic tumor
Introduction
Introduction to pelvic tumors Anatomically, the pelvis is composed of a portion surrounded by the pelvic peritoneum and a portion of the pelvic extraperitoneal. The primary tumor of the pelvis is insidious and can be separated by 4 to 6 months or even 4 to 5 years before being correctly diagnosed. The pelvic mass should be actively examined to determine the cause and early treatment. The primary tumor of the pelvis is insidious. Usually, the patient is delayed due to atypical symptoms. It can be separated by 4 to 6 months or even 4 to 5 years before the correct diagnosis. Therefore, the tumor has enough opportunities to grow up. The pelvic mass should be actively examined to determine the cause and early treatment. The proportion of endometriotic cysts is the second, about /2 cases have dysmenorrhea history, 1/3 cases have menstrual disorders, showing menstrual period delay, dripping incomplete, a small number of cases without obvious symptoms, occasionally lower abdomen Bulging, etc., B suggests that most cases show an echo-free area, some are mixed echoes, thick envelope, irregular, more bilateral, CA125 mildly elevated. Chronic pelvic inflammatory mass accounted for the third place, 16.48%, mostly chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, the main reason is that the acute phase symptoms are not serious and neglected untreated and the acute phase was not completely cured. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.12% Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: peritonitis, nausea and vomiting, ascites
Cause
Pelvic tumor cause
The proportion of endometriotic cysts is the second, about /2 cases have dysmenorrhea history, 1/3 cases have menstrual disorders, showing menstrual period delay, dripping incomplete, a small number of cases without obvious symptoms, occasionally lower abdomen Bulging, etc., B suggests that most cases show an anechoic zone, some are mixed echoes, thick envelope, irregular, more bilateral, CA125 mildly elevated. Chronic pelvic inflammatory mass accounted for the third place, 16.48%, mostly chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, the main reason is that the acute phase symptoms are not serious and neglected untreated and the acute phase was not completely cured.
Prevention
Pelvic tumor prevention
1, prevention of pelvic tumors should try to avoid early pregnancy, prolific and other factors, according to relevant surveys, younger or even underage women because the reproductive system is not fully developed, the resistance to the bacteria is also small, if the occurrence of the situation will be very easy Cause pelvic tumors.
2, prevention of pelvic tumors have to start from the health side, women's menstrual period in all aspects of resistance is weak, easy to be invaded by external factors and other factors, so do a good job of cleaning and keeping the parts dry.
3, prevention of pelvic tumors in the process of sexual intercourse also need to pay more attention, not too intense and need to pay attention to the environment and other aspects.
4, prevention of pelvic tumors should also avoid contact with men with reproductive problems, may lead to bacterial infection.
Complication
Pelvic tumor complications Complications, peritonitis, nausea and vomiting ascites
1, infection: less common, more secondary to tumor pedicle torsion or rupture. The main symptoms are fever, abdominal pain, elevated white blood cells and varying degrees of peritonitis. Infection should be actively controlled and selected for surgical exploration.
2, tumor rupture: due to ischemic necrosis of the wall or tumor erosion caused by spontaneous rupture of the wall; or due to compression, childbirth, gynecological examination and puncture caused by traumatic rupture. After rupture, the cystic fluid flows into the abdominal cavity, stimulating the peritoneum, which can cause severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and even shock. At the time of examination, there were signs of peritoneal irritation such as abdominal wall tension, tenderness, and rebound tenderness, and the original mass was reduced or disappeared. Immediately after diagnosis, the laparotomy should be performed to remove the cyst and clean the abdominal cavity.
3, pedicle torsion: more common, one of the gynecological acute abdomen. It is more common in cystic tumors with long tumor size, moderate size, large mobility, and one side of the center of gravity. It occurs mostly in sudden changes in body position, early pregnancy or postpartum. After the pedicle is reversed, the tumor venous return is blocked, causing congestion, purple-brown, and even rupture of blood vessels. Tumor necrosis and infection may occur due to arterial obstruction. When the acute pedicle is twisted, the patient suddenly has severe pain in the lower abdomen. In severe cases, it may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or even shock. During the examination, the affected side of the abdominal wall muscles were tense, the tenderness was significant, and the mass of the mass was large. Once diagnosed, the tumor should be surgically removed immediately. Do not turn the twisted pedicle back during surgery. It should be cut off at the proximal side of the pedicle to prevent the thrombus from falling into the blood circulation.
4, malignant lesions: ovarian benign tumor malignant more occurs in older, especially menopausal, the tumor rapidly increased in the short term, patients with abdominal distension, loss of appetite, examination of tumor volume increased significantly, fixed, mostly ascites.
Symptom
Symptoms of pelvic tumors Common symptoms Menstrual flow more menstrual time and less ... and lower abdominal mass lower abdomen local pain non-pregnant lower abdomen enlargement lower abdomen bulge
symptom
Mainly manifested as pelvic mass. Ovarian tumors were the most, of which 3.7% of malignant tumors were lower than the reported 10%. In addition to the history of pelvic mass, accompanied by lower abdominal fullness, CA125 was significantly elevated, and B-ultrasound showed substantial occupation or mixedness. Placeholder. The proportion of endometriotic cysts is the second, about /2 cases have dysmenorrhea history, 1/3 cases have menstrual disorders, showing menstrual period delay, dripping incomplete, a small number of cases without obvious symptoms, occasionally lower abdomen Bulging, etc., B suggests that most cases show an anechoic zone, some are mixed echoes, thick envelope, irregular, more bilateral, CA125 mildly elevated. Chronic pelvic inflammatory mass accounted for the third place, 16.48%, mostly chronic pelvic inflammatory disease, the main reason is that the acute phase symptoms are not serious and neglected untreated and the acute phase was not completely cured.
Pathological features
According to the organization and embryogenesis of tumors, there are four basic types: (1) mesenchymal tumors; (2) urogenital tumors; (3) neurogenic tumors; (4) germ cell tumors Another 10% of tumors cannot be classified. The most common from the pelvic extraperitoneal tumors are mesenchymal tumors, followed by embryonic residual tumors. Most tumors appear as solid soft tissue masses, but degeneration, necrosis, cystic changes, calcification, etc. can occur.
Examine
Pelvic tumor examination
B-ultrasound, CT and MRI can make a correct judgment on the pelvic tumor site, benign and malignant and tumor involvement range. Most of the tumors can indicate the histological type of the tumor, which provides a basis for clinical selection of a reasonable treatment plan.
When the etiology is not clear and the effect of drug treatment is not obvious, laparotomy is an effective means. Early detection of ovarian malignant tumors is extremely important for improving prognosis. At the same time, resection of lesions is also a form of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and endometriosis. Effective treatment.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of pelvic tumor
diagnosis
According to clinical manifestations, examinations, etc. can be diagnosed.
Differential diagnosis
According to the organization and embryogenesis of tumors, there are four basic types:
(1) Mesenchymal tissue-derived tumors.
(2) urogenital tumors.
(3) Neurogenic tumors.
(4) Germ cell-derived tumors, and about 10% of tumors cannot be classified. The most common from the pelvic extraperitoneal tumors are mesenchymal tumors, followed by embryonic residual tumors. Most tumors appear as solid soft tissue masses, but degeneration, necrosis, cystic changes, calcification, etc. can occur.
