herpes
Introduction
Introduction to herpes Herpes, first refers to the yellow-white or translucent small blisters on the surface of the skin, often appearing in pieces, filled with liquid. Smallpox, chickenpox, etc. have this symptom; second is a skin disease, the pathogen is a virus, mostly occurs in the upper lip or face, the symptoms are local itching first, then a blister-like bulge, containing a transparent liquid There is a slight pain, and after a week or two, the knot will heal itself. Herpes is classified into genital herpes, herpes simplex, and herpes zoster. Due to the denaturation of the inter-cell bridges (such as desmosomes and tension filaments), the cells lose a close relationship and become loose, thus forming fissures, water sores or large hugs in the epidermis. The cause of the acanthosis is autoimmune factors such as herpes. The acanthosis solution caused by genetic factors is found in chronic familial benign day cancer sores and follicular keratosis. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 1% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: contact infection Complications: nausea and vomiting, hearing impairment, nystagmus, coma, cystitis, prostatitis, urinary retention
Cause
Herpes cause
Spinal layer release (30%) :
Due to the denaturation of the inter-cell bridges (such as desmosomes and tension filaments), the cells lose a close relationship and become loose, thus forming fissures, water sores or large hugs in the epidermis. The cause of the acanthosis is autoimmune factors such as herpes. The acanthosis solution caused by genetic factors is found in chronic familial benign day cancer sores and follicular keratosis.
Basal cell liquefaction (20%) :
Base cell liquefaction refers to the vacuolation or disruption of epidermal basal cells. The basal cell layer disappears and the spine cells are directly in contact with the dermis. Immune, genetic and drug allergy are often the cause of basal cell liquefaction, which is found in hereditary large cancerous epidermis. Lycolysis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, etc. The cause of the basement membrane lesion is autoimmunity and heredity. The leech disease caused by the basement membrane lesion has large cancerous herpes zoster, pregnancy herpes, and herpes-like dermatitis.
Balloon degeneration and reticular degeneration (15%) :
Due to intracellular edema, the epidermal cells increase in volume, form a balloon shape, the cells swell and rupture, and the adjacent membranes are connected to form a majority of the network septum, and finally form a multi-atrial water sore, which is more common in viral infectious skin diseases.
Sponge edema (15%) :
As the intercellular fluid increases, the intercellular space is widened to form water sores, which are found in eczema, contact dermatitis, and sweat herpes.
Vasculitis (10%) :
Mostly caused by immune complex type allergic reaction, water sores such as allergic vasculitis are formed due to inflammation and necrosis of tissues. Behcet's disease, acute febrile neutrophilosis, etc.
Epidermal granular degeneration (5%) :
Also known as epidermal loosening hyperkeratosis, found in ichthyosis.
Epidermal necrosis (5%) :
Due to drug and Staphylococcus aureus infection, epidermal necrosis is loosened, epidermis is exfoliated, and it is found in bullous epidermolysis drug eruption and Staphylococcus aureus scald-like syndrome.
Prevention
Herpes prevention
1. Keep your skin clean and take a bath every day. You can wash it 2-3 times a day in hot weather. Clothing should be appropriate, do not sweat too much.
2. Protect the skin from damage, and soften the clothes and bedding. Cut your nails carefully to avoid scratching the epidermis.
3. Avoid contact with people with skin infections, wash your hands frequently.
Complication
Herpes complications Complications Nausea and vomiting Hearing impairment Eyeball tremor Coma Cystitis Prostatitis Urinary retention
1. Herpes zoster in the eye can cause acute inflammation in various parts of the eye, which can lead to blindness due to scar formation.
2, herpes virus infection of the motor nerve fibers in the facial nerve, it will produce facial paralysis, the affected side of the eye can not be closed, the side of the face is dull, the mouth angle to the healthy side skew, can not do the blowing action.
3, herpes zoster in the auricle and ear canal, there will be symptoms of inner ear dysfunction, patients with dizziness, nausea, vomiting, hearing impairment, nystagmus and so on.
4. When the herpes virus invades the central nervous system from the nerve roots at the spinal cord, that is, the brain parenchyma and meninges of the human body, viral encephalitis and meningitis occur, which is characterized by severe headache, jet-like vomiting, convulsions, and limbs. Convulsions, as well as confusion, coma and life-threatening.
5. When the herpesvirus invades the splanchnic nerve fibers from the nerve roots in the spinal cord, it can cause acute gastroenteritis, cystitis, and prostatitis, which are manifested as abdominal cramps, dysuria, and urinary retention.
Symptom
Herpes Symptoms Common Symptoms Skin blisters, posterior... Lip blistering and nasal appearance... Skin lined up... Fever with joint swelling and painful erythema nodules
Yellow-white or translucent small blisters appear on the surface of the skin, often appear in pieces, filled with liquid, smallpox, chickenpox, etc.; the pathogen is a virus, mostly occurs in the upper lip or face, the symptoms are local pre-existing Itchy, then a blister-like bulge with a clear liquid, slightly painful, and self-healing after a week or two.
Examine
Herpes check
1. Cytological examination: The cells at the base of the lesion are used for smear staining with Reiter gemsa or Papanicolaou. Finding large multinucleated giant cells and multinucleated giant cell nuclear eosinophilic inclusions is helpful for diagnosis.
2. Cytological examination of herpesvirus: Take the cells as smears, add fluorescently labeled HSV-1 and HSV-2 monoclonal antibodies, and find the virus inclusion bodies of apple green fluorescent in multinucleated giant cells under fluorescent microscope. diagnosis.
3, herpes virus tissue culture: human embryonic fibroblasts, human amniotic cells, kidney cells, etc. for virus isolation and culture, identification by immunofluorescence, can be confirmed, but the operation is complex and expensive.
4, electron microscopy: there is a diagnosis value but not easy to popularize.
5, herpes virus serological examination: detection of HSV-specific antibodies, the diagnostic value is not significant.
Diagnosis
Herpes diagnosis
clinical diagnosis
1. Cytological diagnosis: The cells at the base of the lesion are used for smear staining with Reiter gemsa or Papanicolaou. Finding large multinucleated giant cells and multinucleated giant cell nuclear eosinophilic inclusions is helpful for diagnosis.
2. Cytological examination of herpesvirus: Take the cells as smears, add fluorescently labeled HSV-1 and HSV-2 monoclonal antibodies, and find the virus inclusion bodies of apple green fluorescent in multinucleated giant cells under fluorescent microscope. diagnosis.
3, herpes virus tissue culture: human embryonic fibroblasts, human amniotic cells, kidney cells, etc. for virus isolation and culture, identification by immunofluorescence, can be confirmed, but the operation is complex and expensive.
4, electron microscopy: there is a diagnosis value but not easy to popularize.
5. Serological diagnosis of herpes virus: detection of HSV-specific antibodies is of little practical value in diagnosis.
