acute superficial balanitis
Introduction
Brief introduction of acute superficial foreskin balanitis Acute superficial foreskin balanitis is the most common type of foreskin balanitis. Symptoms are obvious: skin lesions are local erythema, swelling, erosion, exudation, and blisters can occur in severe cases. Often caused by local friction, excessive overturning of the foreskin. Vulvar substances such as condom allergies can also cause acute inflammation of the glans foreskin. This type should be identified with fixed eczema. Due to unclean sexual intercourse, infection with Candida albicans, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, mycoplasma and gonorrhea, gonorrhea, can cause balanitis. Most of the non-infectious factors are due to the fact that the foreskin is too long, the cleaning is not enough, and the unclean things between the foreskin and the glans, that is, the smegma, will accumulate and stimulate local foreskin and mucous membrane inflammation. Topical treatment is very important, dry desquamation is the main, coated with corticosteroid ointment. For the main erosive exudate, wet dressing with potassium permanganate solution or Refinol-Resorcinol solution. The ulcer surface is changed daily and treated for physical therapy. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.003% Susceptible people: male Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: male infertility balanitis premature ejaculation prostatitis orchitis epididymitis cystitis nephritis pyelonephritis sexual dysfunction
Cause
The cause of acute superficial foreskin balanitis
Unclean sex life (35%):
Due to unclean sexual intercourse, infection with Candida albicans, trichomoniasis, chlamydia, mycoplasma and gonorrhea, gonorrhea, can cause balanitis. Most of the non-infectious factors are due to the fact that the foreskin is too long, the cleaning is not enough, and the unclean things between the foreskin and the glans, that is, the smegma, will accumulate and stimulate local foreskin and mucous membrane inflammation.
Infection (25%):
Infectious foreskin balanitis is the most common foreskin balanitis, causing such infections as the original bacteria, mold or parasites. The most common cause of mold is Candida albicans, except for the foreskin or glans. It can be seen that it is small and irregular, and the erosive white spots cover the surface of the glans. The foreskin balanitis caused by vaginal trichomoniasis (parasites) is usually ulcerated, and a erosive balanitis is caused by bacterial infection. Patients who are prone to phimosis usually have a foul-smelling secretion, and the surface of the glans will show many small round and superficial erosions.
Physical stimulation (20%):
Foreskin balanitis is also caused by local physical factors such as excessive foreskin or poor turnover, trauma, friction, condoms, soap and detergents.
Drugs (15%):
The foreskin balanitis caused by drugs often has itching and burning sensation, and the part that causes the infection is not as large as the infectious foreskin balanitis, but is a single or a small piece of very superficial similar abrasion, and the boundary is obvious. The most important thing is to take a certain medicine first, the most common cause of inflammation of the foreskin is tetracycline.
Prevention
Acute superficial foreskin balanitis prevention
(1) Pay attention to local hygiene, clean the glans and foreskin daily, if the foreskin is too long to be treated in time, if necessary, for circumcision, it is necessary to clean the smegma in time.
(2) Couples suffering from sexual organ diseases should suspend sexual life, timely treatment, such as trichomoniasis or Candida albicans infection should be treated at the same time.
(3) Avoid unclean sexual intercourse and cleanse yourself.
(4) If the ulcer or erosion is formed, it is necessary to change the medicine in time, and change the medicine twice a day to avoid discomfort.
(5) For acute foreskin balanitis, avoid using corticosteroid cream to avoid more serious infections.
Complication
Acute superficial foreskin balanitis complications Complications Male infertility balanitis premature ejaculation prostatitis orchitis epididymitis cystitis nephritis pyelonephritis sexual dysfunction
1, male balanitis can lead to male infertility: due to prolonged stimulation of proinflammatory factors on the regulation of reproductive system sperm and sexual response, as well as hidden inflammatory secretions in the foreskin during sexual intercourse with semen into the vagina, reduce Semen quality, and destruction of the egg cells, leading to male infertility.
2, will produce dry occlusive balanitis: dry foreskin balanitis is a serious pathological damage of foreskin balanitis, destroying the physiological structure of the foreskin glans, also affects sexual life and aesthetics, but also premature ejaculation Common factors.
3, male balanitis can endanger the health of the reproductive system: foreskin balanitis can easily lead to inflammation of the vas deferens such as prostatitis, orchitis, epididymitis. If not treated in time, the combined infections cause great harm to reproductive health.
4, male balanitis caused by urinary system diseases: foreskin balanitis is also easy to cause ascending infection of the urinary system, generally more common in cystitis, nephritis, pyelonephritis, etc., especially chronic balanitis long-term treatment is most likely to cause urinary system diseases, acute phase Improper treatment of the disease can be life-threatening.
5, male balanitis can lead to male sexual dysfunction: the foreskin glans turbidity period is the sensitive period of the head of the sensory nerve, combined with inflammation damage, making it easy to premature ejaculation in sexual life, long-term can lead to impotence. Moreover, the hypertrophic narrow ring formed by the atrophy of the foreskin, the penis is erected and pressed backwards, resulting in erection and impotence (impotence).
Symptom
Acute superficial foreskin balanitis symptoms common symptoms purulent secretion glans itching foreskin adhesion skin red inguinal lymph nodes swelling low fever
Acute superficial foreskin balanitis local redness at the beginning, the skin of the penis is red and swollen, and the glans has a feeling of burning and itching. Open the foreskin, it can be seen that the inside of the foreskin and the glans are congested and smashed, with exudate and even bleeding. After the bacterial infection, it forms an ulcer surface and has a malodorous milky white purulent secretion. The above symptoms may be exacerbated by local friction, or by poor foreskin turnover and accumulation of secretions to stimulate the wound. The self-conscious symptoms are local pain, which is more obvious after rubbing, and the patient feels inconvenience. Significant local inflammation may be associated with mild systemic symptoms such as fatigue, fatigue, hypothermia, and inguinal lymphadenopathy. This type should be distinguished from a fixed drug rash.
Examine
Examination of acute superficial foreskin balanitis
1, check the test: Candida balanitis (the dermatitis) can be found in the lesions of the glans, foreskin microscopic examination or culture can be found Candida. Trichomonas balanitis can find trichomoniasis on secretions.
2, direct microscopic examination: scrape the surface scale of the glans glans, coronary sulcus or foreskin as the specimen to be examined. The specimens to be inspected were made with 10% potassium hydroxide or physiological saline, and clusters of egg-shaped spores and pseudohyphae were observed under the microscope. If more pseudohyphae were found, it indicated that Candida was in the pathogenic stage.
3, staining examination: Gram staining, Congo red staining or PAS staining after microscopic examination, the positive rate is higher than direct microscopy. Gram staining, spores and pseudohyphae dyed in blue: Congo red and PAS staining, spores and pseudohyphae dyed red.
4. Separation and culture: Candida culture can be performed on patients with negative smear test. The test specimens were inoculated on Sabouraud medium under aseptic conditions. When inoculation, the test tube culture medium was cut obliquely, and each tube was inoculated with 2-3 spots, and each sample was inoculated with 2 tubes. The medium was incubated in a 37 ° C incubator for 24-48 hours, and a large number of milky white colonies were observed. A small number of colony smears were picked with the inoculation needle, and microscopic examination or microscopic examination was performed. A large number of spores were observed. Diagnosed as a Candida infection.
5, Candida antibody test: Candida albicans antibody can be detected by immuno-double expansion method or latex coagulation method.
Foreskin balanitis should be treated promptly. If improper treatment can cause repeated episodes of dermatitis, the inflammatory micro-cleft of the foreskin and inner plate will occur repeatedly.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of acute superficial foreskin balanitis
First, the ring-shaped ulcer balanitis (Bothead inflammation): erythema can be seen on the glans and foreskin, and gradually enlarged into a ring shape, which can form a superficial ulcer surface.
Second, Candida balanitis (the dermatitis): the glans, foreskin can be seen erythema, the surface is smooth, and there is a small herpes, the edge of the erythema is clearer. There is erosion and exudation in acute attacks.
Third, trichomonas balanitis: the glans from the pimples or erythema, gradually enlarged, the edge is clear, the erythema visible needle-sized blisters, and finally formed a ulcer surface.
Fourth, check the test: Candida balanitis (the dermatitis) can be found in the lesion of the glans, foreskin microscopic examination or culture can be found Candida. Trichomonas balanitis can find trichomoniasis on secretions.
