chronic mastitis
Introduction
Introduction to chronic mastitis Chronic mastitis is a type of mastitis that is more common in female breast diseases. The cause of the disease is caused by the abnormal proliferation of the epithelium caused by the mammary gland and the abnormal secretion function. Although it is called chronic, the damage and speed caused to the human body is not slow. It is characterized by slow onset, long course of disease, and it is not easy to cure. It is difficult to eliminate. And the mass can be touched in the breast, with the mass as the main symptom. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: women Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: abscess
Cause
Causes of chronic mastitis
There are two causes of chronic mastitis: one is the treatment of acute mastitis, such as improper treatment of antibiotics, etc.; the second is that the onset of the disease is a chronic inflammatory process, mostly due to poor milk discharge to form an induration.
1. Siltation of milk: Milk siltation is conducive to the growth and reproduction of invading bacteria. The reasons are as follows: 1 the nipple is too small or invaginated, hindering breastfeeding, the pregnant woman fails to correct the nipple retraction in time, and the baby is difficult to suck; 2 too much milk, incomplete emptying, the mother does not timely discharge the excess milk in the breast air. 3 The milk duct is blocked, the milk duct itself is inflamed, the tumor and the external pressure are pressed, and the fiber that the bra is detached can also block the milk duct.
2, the invasion of bacteria: nipples when the nipple is difficult to suck, easy to cause damage around the nipple, is the main way of bacterial infection along the lymphatic invasion. In addition, the baby often sleeps with the nipple, and can also cause the infant's oral inflammation to directly invade and spread to the milk duct, and then spread to the mammary gland to cause a suppurative infection. Its pathogenic bacteria are common with Staphylococcus aureus.
Prevention
Chronic mastitis prevention
1, no disease first prevention, warm nipples are often used in the late pregnancy, such as nipples, after washing, squatting, massage, pulling the nipple.
2, 30 grams of orange core after childbirth, Shuijianbi, 2 times a day, and even served for 3 days, can prevent milk stagnation.
3, develop the habit of regular breastfeeding, pay attention to nipple cleaning.
4, such as too much milk, the baby can not finish, can be used after breastfeeding with a breast pump or hand massage, squeeze, so that the milk is discharged to prevent siltation.
5. Hold the breast with a bandage or a bra to avoid bumping and squeezing the lump.
6. If there are nipple abrasions, chapped or purulent infections in other parts of the body, they should be treated promptly. While the former is being treated, the breast pump is used to suck out the milk and put it into the bottle to feed the baby, so as to avoid further damage to the nipple due to sucking.
7,) mastitis into the pus, should eat less "milk" role of labor soup, so as not to aggravate the condition.
8, should eat more fruits and vegetables with heat, such as tomatoes, green vegetables, loofah, cucumber, mung beans, fresh glutinous rice, kumquat cake and so on. Kelp has the function of softening and stagnating, and can also eat more.
9. Keep your mood comfortable.
Complication
Chronic mastitis complications Complications
Severe chronic mastitis patients may be associated with high fever, chills, breast swelling and pain, local skin redness, induration, tenderness, swelling of the affected side of the axillary lymph nodes, tenderness. The inflammation softens within a few days, forming a breast abscess, a sense of undulation, and the skin of the abscess is red and fluctuating. After suffering from mastitis, if the treatment is not harmful, the abscess may break through the connective tissue of the pectoralis major fascia and form a post-embryo abscess; or the milk may overflow at the mouth to form a milk leak; Sepsis sepsis can occur.
Symptom
Chronic mastitis symptoms Common symptoms Breast lumps Breast lobular hyperplasia Breast cystic hyperplasia
1, chronic mastitis is different from acute mastitis, chronic mastitis symptoms are not very obvious in the early stage, the course of disease is longer, the mass is hard, the skin temperature is not high, the pain is mild, and the tumor is suspected.
2, inflammation of the mass of acute mastitis often with the disease develops the mass softening, forming an abscess. Chronic mastitis mass is hard and tough, and the boundary between activity and surrounding tissue is clear, which can be as large as 5cm.
3, tuberculous mass breast tuberculosis incidence is low, the mass is mostly located in the upper quadrant of the breast, mostly unilateral.
4, proliferative mass with cystic hyperplasia of the breast, lobular hyperplasia is the most common.
5, breast cysts are mostly isolated masses, soy beans and table tennis, diameter up to 5 cm or more, spherical, smooth appearance, clear boundaries with surrounding tissue, movable, soft, elastic.
6, papillary tumor in the milk duct occurs in the enlarged part of the milk duct near the nipple.
Examine
Chronic mastitis examination
First, palpation:
Chronic mastitis is characterized by slow onset, long course of disease, difficult to heal, and difficult to eliminate; breast can touch the mass, with the mass as the main manifestation, the mass of the mass is hard, the boundary is unclear, there is tenderness, it can adhere to the skin, the mass Not rupture, not easy to become pus and not easy to dissipate; there is no typical redness and heat pain in the breast, fever, chills, fatigue and other systemic symptoms are not obvious.
Second, B-ultrasound
This is a simple, non-invasive method of examination that can be used to determine the nature and location of a lump. However, it has a poor ability to recognize tumors with a diameter of less than 1 cm. If this test is performed alone, a smaller lump may be missed. When it is suspected that there is a lump in the breast, B-ultrasound is a must.
Third, molybdenum target inspection
The test is performed by clamping the breast on the plate of the molybdenum target machine to fix the breast to obtain a clear image, and to detect small tumor sprouts that cannot be touched by the hand.
Fourth, puncture
Just insert a fine needle into the mass and pull out a small amount of tissue for cytology. This is a very good and direct inspection, not only low price, but also very accurate, conditional hospitals can also be combined with B-ultrasound, X-ray positioning for puncture.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of chronic mastitis
Diagnostic criteria
1, residual mastitis: that is, months or years after weaning, the breast still has residual milk secretion and cause infection, clinically longer, rarely abscess formation, only local pain and induration, when the body resistance is reduced When it appears, it is easy to repeat, mistakenly believe that inflammatory cancer, pathological diagnosis is the most valuable.
2, chronic fibrotic mastitis: after acute suppurative mastitis, one or two or three hard and inflammatory nodules in the breast or milk duct, or blocked by the inflammatory anatomy of the mammary gland, so that the effusion of the milk duct A lump appeared. At the beginning, there is a slight tenderness, and then gradually shrinks. When the body's resistance is reduced, the tumor can be swollen and painful again. Mastitis is easy to misdiagnose malignant tumors, combined with medical history or pathological diagnosis.
