oral acanthosis nigricans
Introduction
Introduction to oral mucosa acanthosis Oral mucosa Acanthosis is characterized by hyperpigmentation hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, rough texture, and no abnormalities in the lips. A skin disease characterized by dry mouth odor, pulse string, and sickle-like proliferation, in which true benign acanthosis nigricans, often red tongue, yellow greasy moss, diet and two stools are normal. Invading the oral mucosa, the most obvious development during puberty. It is indeed rare in the clinical department of stomatology. basic knowledge Sickness ratio: 0.0001% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: Diabetes Diabetes ketoacidosis
Cause
Causes of oral mucosa acanthosis
The cause is still unknown. To be combined with the actual condition of the patient.
Prevention
Oral mucosal acanthosis prevention
1. Crush 1-2 tablets of vitamin C tablets, spread on the ulcer surface, and close for a while, 2 times a day. This method is effective in treating ulcers, but it is more irritating to the ulcer surface and causes pain. The general object is for older children.
2, use whole milk powder, one tablespoon each time and add a little sugar, boiled with boiling water, 2 to 3 times a day, the best effect before going to sleep. The ulcer usually disappears after taking it for 2 days.
3. Squeeze the watermelon into the mouth after squeezing the melon juice, swallow it after 2~3 minutes, and then take the new melon juice, repeated several times, 2 to 3 times a day.
4, the eggs into the bowl into a paste, while taking the appropriate amount of mung beans into the pot, soaked in cold water for more than 10 minutes, and then boil for about 2 minutes, when the green beans are not cooked, pour the mung bean water out of the eggs Clothes, once in the morning and evening.
5. Apply the fresh banana leaf to the mouth ulcer after hot roasting, 2~3 times a day.
Complication
Oral mucosal acanthosis Complications Diabetes Diabetes Ketoacidosis
The main complication is diabetes, a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. Sustained hyperglycemia and long-term metabolic disorders can lead to damage to the tissues and organs of the body, especially the eyes, kidneys, cardiovascular and nervous system, as well as dysfunction and failure. Severe cases can cause acute complications such as dehydration, electrolyte imbalance and acid-base balance disorders, ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar coma.
Symptom
Symptoms of acanthosis nigricans in oral mucosa Common symptoms Symptoms of black spotted lips are red, yellow, greasy, hot, bad breath, oral mucosa, pigmentation, sclerosis
General pathological changes
a Melanin deposition in the basal layer, the acanthosis is thick.
b Proliferating dendritic melanocytes are visible in all layers of the mucosal epithelium.
c Occasionally the formation of a sponge, the lamina propria can be seen infiltration of melanocytes and eosinophils, and vasodilation.
Clinical features
a Most common in non-beautiful young adults, the ratio of male to female is 1:3.
b occurs in the cheeks and lips and mucous membranes.
c Typical damage is a single dark brown plaque with a slightly rough surface and generally does not form ulcers or harden.
d The disease is a reactive pigmentation of the oral mucosa that can heal itself or relapse.
e rarely malignant.
Oral performance:
The inner mucosa of the upper and lower lips, the mouth angles on both sides, the hard palate, the back of the tongue, and the gums are clustered like papillary growth organisms, which are obviously higher than the mucosal surface and are painless.
Examine
Examination of oral mucosa acanthosis
1, physical signs: the inner and lower mucosa of the upper and lower lips, the two sides of the mouth, hard palate, tongue back, gums see clustered papillary growth, significantly higher than the mucosal surface, no pain.
2, histopathological examination: oral mucosal chronic inflammation, with squamous epithelial papillary hyperplasia, epithelial microabscess formation. The pathological manifestation is a melanin deposition in the basal layer, and the acanthosis is hypertrophic. b Proliferating dendritic melanocytes are visible in all layers of the mucosal epithelium. c Occasionally the formation of a sponge, the lamina propria can be seen infiltration of melanocytes and eosinophils, and vasodilation.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and differentiation of acanthosis nigricans in oral mucosa
diagnosis
Diagnosis can be based on medical history, clinical symptoms, and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis
Oral mucosal dark spots: no dendritic melanocyte proliferation and acanthosis.
Melanoacanthoma (melanoacanthoma), also known as non-sputum benign melanoma epithelioma, is a benign epidermal melanoma tumor, rare. More common in the elderly, occurs in the scalp and neck, diameter 0.4 ~ 10cm, if necessary, surgical removal. It can be differentiated from seborrheic keratosis, pigmented basal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma or sputum cell sputum.
