cortical amnesia
Introduction
Introduction to cortical amnesia Cortical amnesia: This type of amnesia is characterized by recall, application, and learning of certain forms of cognitive difficulties. The lesion is in the head and can go to the hospital for medical or neurology. Related diseases include memory disorders, mental retardation, amnesia syndrome, dementia, intellectual disorders, and chromosomal abnormalities. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.02% Susceptible people: no specific population Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: depression anxiety disorder memory impairment
Cause
Causes of cortical amnesia
Causes:
The causes of cortical amnesia can be divided into two categories: 1 congenital intelligence disorder: such as mental retardation; 2 acquired sexual impairment: such as acute brain trauma, metabolic disorders, poisoning diseases can cause temporary mental retardation, dementia is the most common Acquired progressive cognitive dysfunction.
Pathogenesis
Memory impairment: Memory is a more complicated problem because the memory process includes information reception, encoding-storage and decoding-retrieval. The structures most likely to participate in the formation of memory traces are the cerebellum, hippocampus, amygdala and cerebral cortex.
Prevention
Cortical amnesia prevention
Relieve stress: When stress causes the normal function of the human nervous system to be destroyed, the balance of the internal and external environment is imbalanced, causing the function of various organs to be low, leading to premature aging. Regular rhythm of life, avoid excessive mental stress, reasonable arrangement of work, study and entertainment, can make the cerebral cortex excited parts take turns to rest, to avoid the burden of nervous system due to excessive excitement.
Complication
Cortical amnesia complications Complications, depression, anxiety, memory impairment
1. Depression, anxiety and paranoia.
2. Behavioral complications include being unfriendly, agitated, lost and uncooperative.
Symptom
Symptoms of cortical amnesia common symptoms anxiety and depression complete amnesia hallucinations
Early memory impairment occurred, and the ability to learn new things was significantly reduced. In severe cases, they could not find a way home. As the disease progresses further, far memory is also impaired. Severe patients often make up for memory defects in fictional form. The thinking is slow and poor, the understanding and judgment of the general things are getting worse and worse, the attention is getting worse, and the time, place and person orientation disorder can occur.
The patient may have a personality change. Usually performance is reduced, initiative is poor, social withdrawal, but can also be expressed as de-suppressive behavior, such as impulsive, naive behavior. Emotional symptoms include anxiety, irritability, depression, and emotional instability, sometimes manifested as apathy, or a disaster response, that is, when a patient cannot respond to a problem or cannot complete a job, a sudden loud voice may occur. Cry or angry reaction. Some patients may become restless, roaming, screaming and inappropriate or even aggressive. There are also delusions and hallucinations.
Examine
Examination of cortical amnesia
Select the necessary selective tests based on the likely cause.
1. Blood routine, blood biochemistry, and electrolyte attention have specific diagnostic changes for the primary disease.
2. Blood glucose, immune items, and cerebrospinal fluid examinations have abnormal diagnostic significance.
Hematological examination is essential for determining dementia with endocrine disease and liver and kidney failure. Hypothyroidism is a reversible cause of dementia. When the serum vitamin B12 level is measured, vitamin B12 deficiency can be found, but there can be no anemia.
Neurosyphilis is extremely rare, but it is also a reversible cause. Therefore, serological examination of syphilis must be mandatory.
The concentration of the drug in the blood can be detected for poisoning.
If clinical presentation suggests evidence of vasculitis or arthritis, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and screening for connective tissue disease (eg, antinuclear antibodies and rheumatoid factor) are required.
For any young person with dementia, consideration should be given to the determination of human immunodeficiency virus titer, and if there is a manifestation of dyskinesia, ceruloplasmin should be measured.
The following items are abnormal and have a differential diagnosis.
1. CT, MRI examination.
2. EEG is helpful in identifying Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which has the characteristics of periodic discharge.
3. Skull base film, fundus examination.
4. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) functional brain imaging may also be helpful in diagnosis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of cortical amnesia
diagnosis:
Diagnosis can be performed based on clinical performance and laboratory tests.
Differential diagnosis:
A. Focal amnesia caused by dominant hemispheres of the posterior frontal lobe: This type of speech disorder is a focal lexical amnesia caused by the destruction of word storage. The main feature is the difficulty of finding words, which can be attributed to aphasia. Under the forgotten project. In such focal amnesia caused by lesions in the speech area, immediate memory ability is often lower than normal.
B. Focal amnesia caused by non-dominant hemisphere frontal lesions: Non-dominant hemispheric lesions, whether extensive or localized, cause focal amnesia as acquired cognitive impairment.
C. Frontal amnesia: The patient's understanding of the situation is poor, and the barriers of the joint strategy lead to incomplete or inappropriate cognitive and recall functions. Patients with frontal lobe lesions have poor learning ability.
