Pulmonary failure
Introduction
Introduction to pulmonary failure Pulmonary failure can lead to severe respiratory dysfunction, so that normal breathing can not be performed at rest, hypoxia or carbon dioxide retention, resulting in a series of clinical and metabolic disorders of clinical syndrome. In the early stage of illness, only breathing is strong. When it is severe, it is not easy to breathe, sweating is dripping, nails and nails are prominent, mental function changes, directional dysfunction, headache, insomnia, sorrow, irritability, turmoil, and then lethargy, causing coma, convulsions , heart rate is accelerated, blood pressure is elevated, skin vasodilatation and the like. Some severe patients have oliguria, lower extremity edema or liver damage and gastrointestinal bleeding. basic knowledge The proportion of illness: 0.001% Susceptible people: no special people Mode of infection: non-infectious Complications: shock emphysema
Cause
Cause of pulmonary failure
Cause of the disease (80%):
Modern medicine believes that the cause of this disease is sputum, electric shock, trauma, drug poisoning, physical and chemical factors, encephalitis, poliomyelitis, thoracic deformity, emphysema, pneumothorax, tuberculosis, massive pleural effusion, silicosis, extensive Pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory secretions or foreign body obstruction, capillary hemangioma and other factors.
Prevention
Pulmonary failure prevention
1. Reduce energy consumption to relieve bronchospasm, eliminate bronchial mucosal edema, reduce bronchial secretions, eliminate stubbornness, reduce airway resistance, and reduce energy consumption.
2. Improve the nutritional status of the body. Enhance nutrition and increase the intake of sugar, protein and various vitamins. If necessary, intravenous infusion of complex amino drum, plasma and albumin.
Complication
Pulmonary failure complications Complications, shock, emphysema
Breathing, breathing difficulties, lips and purple limbs.
Symptom
Pulmonary failure symptoms Common symptoms Shrugging and breathing
Acute such as drowning, electric shock, trauma, drug poisoning, serious infection, shock; chronic multiple secondary to chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema. Combined with clinical manifestations and blood gas analysis, it is helpful for diagnosis.
Examine
Pulmonary failure test
History
There are many history of bronchi, lung, pleura, pulmonary blood vessels, heart, neuromuscular or severe organic diseases.
2. Symptom
In addition to the symptoms of primary disease, mainly due to hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention, such as dyspnea, urgency, mental and neurological symptoms, etc., with pulmonary encephalopathy, there may be gastrointestinal bleeding.
3. Blood gas analysis
At the resting state, the arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2)<8.0Kpa (60mmHg) is divided into 6.7Kpa (50mmHg) for type II respiratory failure. Resurgence.
4. Electrolyte inspection
Respiratory acidosis combined with metabolic acidosis is often accompanied by hyperkalemia; respiratory acidosis with metabolic alkalosis often has hypokalemia and hypochloremia.
5. Sputum examination
The results of examination of sputum smear and bacterial culture are conducive to guiding medication.
6. Physical examination findings
There may be cyanosis, disturbance of consciousness, conjunctival hyperemia, edema, flapping tremor, optic nerve head edema.
7. Other inspections
Such as pulmonary function examination chest imaging examination, etc. according to the original disease, there are corresponding findings.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis and diagnosis of pulmonary failure
Differential diagnosis
1. Lung sputum: often with lung failure at the same time, but there must be manifestations of sorrow, drowsiness or lethargy, convulsions, coma and other abnormalities, and the main symptoms.
2. Pulmonary primary lesions: Various long-term diseases of the lung system, whether it has reached lung failure, there is no absolute limit, mainly based on blood gas analysis.
